海地希望学校 | 自然景观中的包容性设计_教育空间_设计案例作品

发布时间：2017-12-26 13:00:00 {{ caseViews }} {{ caseCollects }}

设计亮点

创新的双向教室提供自然通风和最佳日光，鲜艳的色彩为非正式街区带来生机。

c.Gianluca Stefani Etienne Pernot du Breuil

架构师提供的文本描述。Ecole de l‘espoir位于德尔马斯32的边缘，位于太子港中心，约有10万居民，是一所旨在向周边地区弱势儿童，包括身体和认知困难儿童提供教育服务的学校。

Text description provided by the architects. Located at the edge of Delmas 32, a slum neighbourhood of approximately 100,000 inhabitants in the centre of Port-au-Prince, Ecole de l’Espoir is a school aimed at extending educational services to vulnerable children of the surrounding area, including those with physical and cognitive difficulties.

c.Gianluca Stefani Etienne Pernot du Breuil

在海地的非正规城市地区，学校往往由私人或地方协会管理，在很大程度上是在最初作为房屋或教堂建造的设施中开办的，国家学校准则很少得到遵守。遵守结构安全和卫生标准(往往缺乏适当的卫生设施)是不够的，教室会造成黑暗、拥挤和通风不足。

In informal urban areas in Haiti, schools, often run by privates or local associations, are to a large extend hosted in facilities initially built to serve as houses or churches, where national guidelines for schools are rarely respected. Compliance to structural safety and hygienic standards (they often lack of adequate sanitation) is insufficient, and classrooms result dark, overcrowded, and not ventilated.

c.Gianluca Stefani Etienne Pernot du Breuil

在海地，特别是在城市非正规环境中，有特殊需要的儿童(包括学习障碍和行为问题)无法得到专门的照料或援助。因此，由于贫困或其他特殊需要，这些学生往往在学校和社区被边缘化，因此被剥夺了受教育的权利和由此产生的发展机会。

In Haiti, especially in urban informal contexts, children with special needs (including learning disabilities and behavioural issues) are prevented from receiving dedicated care or assistance. Often marginalised at school and in the community because of poverty or other special needs, these pupils are therefore denied their right to education and the consequent development opportunities.

为了在离目标社区尽可能近的地方建造一所新学校，由于邻近地区土地稀少，人权组织被迫选择一个小而极倾斜的场地。

With the aim of building the new school as close as possible to the targeted community, J/P HRO was forced to opt for a small and extremely sloping site due to the scarcity of land available in the neighbourhood.

c.Gianluca Stefani Etienne Pernot du Breuil

相反，该网站提供了一个美丽和极其丰富的自然环境。保持现有的树木在现场，加上它的地形限制，是我们解释学校的关键，这是一个校园的组织。

In contrast, the site offers a beautiful and extremely rich natural environment. Keeping all the existing trees on site, along with the constraints of its topography, was the key to our interpretation of the school which is organised like a campus.

虽然斜坡用地已被塑造成不同的梯田，以尽量减少地基及减低建筑成本，但建筑计划已分布在沿一个可到达的斜坡上的不同展览馆内，构成工程的炉膛。公共庭院和坡道周围展馆的组织使得教室和行政职能之间的移动变得很容易。

Whilst the sloping site has been shaped into different terraces to minimise groundwork and to reduce building costs, the architectural programme has been distributed in different pavilions articulated along an accessible ramp, forming the hearth of the project. The organisation of the pavilions around common courtyards and ramps allows easy movement between the classrooms and administrative functions.

c.Gianluca Stefani Etienne Pernot du Breuil

为了避免不同能力的儿童之间发生身体上的分离，并提供一个有效的包容性环境，该设计鼓励所有学生使用坡道作为浏览学校场地的主要手段。这些校园的“街道”取代了传统的走廊和阳台，这在海地学校是典型的。以惊人的周围自然景观，无论是坡道和口袋庭院遮住了现有的艳丽，作为娱乐场所的公共生活发生。

With the goal of avoiding a physical separation among children with different abilities and providing an effective inclusive environment, the design encourages all pupils to use the ramps as the main means of navigating through the school site. These campus ‘streets’ take the place of traditional corridors and balconies, typical in Haitian schools. With astonishing views of the surrounding nature, both ramps and pocket courtyards shaded by existing Flamboyants act as recreational areas where communal life takes place.

c.Gianluca Stefani Etienne Pernot du Breuil

所有教室都是双向的，提供交叉自然通风和最佳日光。正面的图案强调了坡道和校园的几何学，并以一系列生机勃勃的色彩进行规划。通过与学校委员会和孩子们的公开交谈，选择的颜色旨在引入一种不同的调色板，而在一个非正式的街区，由于缺乏资源，这种颜色往往是水泥灰色的。

All classrooms are dual aspect which provides cross natural ventilation and optimal daylight. The facades' patterns emphasise the geometry of the ramp and the campus in plan with a series of vibrant colours. Through an open conversation with the school committee and children, the chosen colours were aimed at introducing a different colour palette, which in an informal neighbourhood is often cement-grey due to a lack of resources for finishes.

c.Gianluca Stefani Etienne Pernot du Breuil

自2016年完成以来，Ecole de l‘espoir通过光线基金会和J/P HRO的倡议，为Delmas 32的1 000多名儿童提供优质教育。

Since its completion in 2016, Ecole de l’Espoir provides quality education to over 1,000 children of Delmas 32 thanks to the initiatives of the Ray of Light Foundation and J/P HRO.