项目所在的建筑建于十五世纪末期，它坐落在小镇的发源地筑防广场上。穿过建筑的通道于后来修建，连接了广场和上方街道。现存建筑具有独特的历史价值，被列为BCIL地方利益文化遗产。设计团队以考古学的角度开启了项目，并持有提升每一个历史元素价值的观点。他们建议置入最小的、最简单的结构体系弥补现有建筑的不足，并为了延长建筑寿命，将其改造为独栋住宅。

The original building dates from the end of the 15th century and is located in the fortified town square that was the origin of the town. Subsequently the passage through the building was made, which connects the square with the upper street. The existing building has a very unique heritage value, declared a Cultural Asset of Local Interest (BCIL). We approached the project from an absolutely archaeological perspective and with a view to enhance the value of each and every one of the elements that constitute the pre-existence. We propose the addition of a minimal and simple structural system to supply the deficiencies of the preexistent building, in order to extend its life, reprogrammed as a single-family house.

▼项目外观，external view © Marc Díaz

新的结构体系由轻质钢筋混凝土箱体组成，直接支撑在地下室石材承重墙上，从而免于建设新的地基。这些钢筋混凝土结构不仅界定了不同空间，还从内部将四个现存立面连接起来，解决了坍塌问题，同时通过加固墙体中部，减少了墙体的变形。箱体支撑了立面，现存墙体又重新在结构上发挥作用，支撑新屋顶。为了减轻钢筋混凝土箱体的重量，设计团队采用实木与钢筋混凝土梁结合的系统，减轻了板体的重量，并直接在现场进行建造。板体的结构木材既可以作为梁的模板，也可以作为内部外露饰面。根据相同的减载标准，屋顶采用木结构，由现有的墙壁支撑。

▼轴测分解，axon exploded © Arqbag

It consists of a lightweight reinforced concrete box that supports directly on the stone load-bearing walls of the basement, thus avoiding the need for a new foundation. These reinforced concrete nerves, in addition to defining the different spaces, link the 4 existing facades from the inside in such a way that they absorb the existing collapses, reducing the deformation of the walls by fixing them from their midpoint. Once the facades are supported by this box, the existing walls work together again structurally, also supporting the weight of the new roof. To reduce the weight of the reinforced concrete of this box, we lightened the floor slabs by using a system of solid wood combined with reinforced concrete beams, built directly on site. The structural wood of this slab functions both as a lost formwork for the beams and as an interior visible finish. With the same criteria of load reduction, the roof is built with a wooden structure, supported on the existing walls.

▼新旧结构，new and old structures © Marc Díaz

能源：设计团队尊重立面的开口设置和原始构成，并且认为新屋顶是创造照明和通风的要素。结构网划分为六个正方形，其中一个中空，形成了垂直通高的三层天井，天井提供了通往三个楼层的入口，给所有室内空间带来采光、给地面返潮的地下室带来自然通风。 这个天井同时也是生物气候机制，冬天关闭并提供光照，夏天需要通风换气的时候开启。

Energy: we respected both the openings and the original composition of the facades, understanding that the element of opportunity to capture, illuminate and ventilate is the new roof. One of the 6 squares of the structural grid is empty, generating a large vertical three-level patio. This patio provides access to the three levels of the building, lighting for all the interior spaces, and natural ventilation for the basement, which has pathologies derived from the humidity of the ground. This patio is at the same time a bioclimatic mechanism; in winter it remains closed and provides lighting, while in summer it keeps open when it is desirable to take fresh air from the basement.

▼天井，patio © Marc Díaz

▼天井采光，patio lighting © Marc Díaz

遗产：钢筋混凝土墙和梁从内部支撑历史建筑的立面，无需在外部进行操作。原始石墙的修复采用石灰砂浆和来自两个当地采石场的特定颜色的混合骨料。

Heritage: reinforced concrete walls and beams support the facades of the heritage building from the inside, without the need to operate on the outside. The restoration of the original stone walls is carried out with lime mortar and a mixture of aggregates with specific local colors from two local quarries.

▼从室内望向天井，view from interior to patio © Marc Díaz

▼卧室，bedroom © Marc Díaz

▼地下室平面图，basement plan © Arqbag

▼一层平面图，ground floor plan © Arqbag

▼二层平面图，first floor plan © Arqbag

▼剖面图，section © Arqbag

Architect: Arqbag (Jordi Mitjans, Bernat Colomé, Simona Cerri, Alfonso Godoy, Adrià Vilajoana, Marc Díaz) Project partner: Esther Orús Structure Consultant: BBG Estructures Area: 394m² Date: 2017-2020 Location: La Noguera, Lleida Photography: Marc Díaz