本项目对既有厂房进行改造，并在周围建造画廊和商业设施等新建筑。既有建筑是一座钢结构的化妆品厂房，改造后需要囊括：艺术画廊、仓库、咖啡厅、面包店、餐饮区和屋顶花园。此外，改造还必须满足一个要求：“维持既有空间的空白。”事实上，这些要求并非业主委托，而是设计师对建筑进行判断之后向业主建议的。既有建筑四周的钢柱围合出盒子空间，虽然里面堆满各种机器，但它完全有恢复空白的潜力。而如果用新材料填充空间，并建立隔墙，把所有功能都塞进去，原有的空白特征就会消失。设计师也一直在控制这点。如何维持空白？这种形式能获得建设资金吗？

This project is to renovate an existing factory building and build new buildings around it. There are galleries and commercial facilities here. The old building was a cosmetic factory with a steel structure. The facilities required for the renovation building were: a few art galleries, a few warehouses, one cafe, one bakery, a few food and beverage areas and rooftop garden. And the building had to meet another requirement. ’Preserve voids in existing spaces after renovation.’

Actually, this is not what the client commissioned from me, it’s more like I commissioned the architecture and asked the client for it. The steel pillars on the edge of the existing building made the inside into an empty box. It was cluttered with all kinds of machines, but this place had the ability to be completely empty. If this space were to be filled with new flooring material, a wall separating the program was built, and all functions were put in, it was clear that the empty capacity of the old plan would disappear. I’ve been struggling to get hold of this. How can voids be preserved? Can this form get permission from construction capital?

▼项目概览，general view

盒子 | Box

与复杂的改造项目不同，该项目的每座新建筑都具有独立功能（包括酒店、咖啡厅、艺术画廊等）。因此，这些建筑内少设内墙。在与业主讨论完面积后，设计师进入到家具设计阶段。在很多项目中，家具往往更加突出。如果建筑和家具都能很好地解决特定问题，那么选择通过家具解决就会更加经济。在遥远的将来，这座建筑可能会被拆除，而家具则可以在其他地方继续被使用。

▼盒子轴测图，axonometric drawings of box

Unlike the complex program of renovation buildings, each of the newly built buildings is given a single program (wine shop, cafe, art gallery, etc.). So these buildings have very few interior walls. After discussing the maximum volume required with the client, we move on to the furniture design stage. And in many cases, furniture does the job better. If both architecture and furniture can do their job well in solving a particular problem, it is much more economical for furniture to do the job. Furniture may be used elsewhere in the distant future. The building must be demolished.

盒子建筑外观，external view of boxes

盒子建筑一角，a corner of the box

▼屋顶平台，roof terrace

▼细部，detail

立面 |Facade

改造的建筑和四栋新建筑的立面皆采用灰泥饰面。设计师希望它们相似而不同，这就需要全方位的形态生成逻辑，而自我生成逻辑恰好有助于在设计立面时，有效地克服内部对形式的疑虑。以既有厂房的新平面为出发点，立面的装饰梁柱从墙和楼板的位置凸出来，墙和楼板以网格模式相交，为建筑立面带来秩序。柱子与楼板交汇处设有矩形悬挑，其纹理与整体材质有所不同。新材料在这里孕育，并被应用在五栋建筑之中。

“立面装饰应指明内部柱子和楼板的位置，并用另一种质地的材料来装饰交汇界面。”有了这个逻辑，剩下的工作就容易了。第一栋建筑的形式逻辑会影响到相邻建筑，在这种情况下，每栋建筑的形状都是对前一栋建筑的回应。

The facades of one renovation and four new buildings are all stucco finish. I wanted the different buildings to look alike, but not the same. This required an all-encompassing morphogenetic logic. The self-generated logic helps to effectively overcome internal doubts about form formation when designing a façade.The starting point takes place on the new floor plan of an existing factory building. The decorative columns and beams of the façade grow from the location of walls and slabs. The walls and slabs meet in a grid pattern, and the resulting grid gives order to the building façade. At the point where the column meets the slab, a rectangular overhang is added. This rectangle has a different texture than the whole. It is the birth of new material(what it looks like). I ordered 5 buildings.

‘Facade decoration should describe the location of internal columns and slabs. And decorate the facets or spots where they meet with another material with a different texture.’With this logic, the rest of work is surprisingly easy. The form logic of the first building affects the neighboring buildings. When this happens, the shape of each building becomes a response to the previous shape.

▼建筑立面，facade

▼立面细部，detail

布局 |Plan

布局由此而生：“以易于建造的形式适应多种功能，但又保留既有工厂的空旷特征。”想象一下，当你站在空间中央，旁边有面包店和咖啡厅，以及展览空间，但空间没有迂回，这就是此处曾经有过的空白。楼上空间也是如此。沿着既有柱列墙壁在接近空间中央的地方断开，既分隔出房间，又不完全阻挡视线，使访客可以充分感受整个空间。成排的墙之间是开放空间，展览空间、面包店、咖啡厅分布其中。每个访客都可以享受整个空间“跨度”，并进入自己感兴趣的设施中。

The plan came into being for this reason. ’In an easy-to-build form, to accommodate the programs, but to preserve the expansiveness of the existing factory’ Please Imagine you are standing in the center of a floor plan. There is a bakery and cafe next to it, and there is also an exhibition space. But nothing back and forth. This large space is a void that has existed before. The same goes for going upstairs. The walls along the existing columnar columns break as they approach the center. The walls are there to make the room, but at the same time to break it in the middle. This is because the interior walls do not completely block the user when standing at a certain point, allowing the user to fully feel the entire space. There is a wall beyond the wall, and there are open spaces between the walls, respectively. Some of them will be exhibition spaces, others will be bakeries, others will be cafes, etc. Each user can enjoy the totality of ’span’ and enter the desired facility.

空旷的中央空间，empty central space

▼隔墙既分隔房间，又不完全阻挡视线

thewalls separate rooms without completely blocking the view

总体布局

Site Plan

只有通过改造的楼，才能进入场地庭院，它既是建筑，又是巨大入口。当使用者穿过建筑（入口）时，会看到所有分散在场地边缘的新建筑，它们彼此由环形长廊相连。此外，庭院中心完全留白，这与改造建筑的留白空间有所不同。此处的留白有利于该区域的使用，并且比建造更加容易。业主还考虑日后在这里安装大型旋转木马，虽然这对设计师来说并不重要，但是这里能够拥有容纳“大型”旋转木马的地方，却是非常有意义的。

Users must go through the renovation building to enter the courtyard of the site. This building is both a building and a huge entrance. As users pass through the building(entrance), all newly built buildings are scattered around the edge of the site. Each building is connected by a circular promenade. The heart of the courtyard is completely empty. This is not same case with void in renovation buildings. Leaving it empty is good for using that area, and it’s a lot easier than building something there. The client is also thinking of putting in a large merry-go-round in the future. A big ‘merry-go-round’ doesn’t matter to me, but it’s pretty meaningful to have a place where a ‘big’ merry-go-round could fit in.

▼建筑与庭院，the buildings and the courtyard

大面积留白处理，large open space

盒子建筑夜景，night view

立面与倒影，facade and reflection

▼总平面图，site plan

▼A栋1层平面图，1F plan building A

▼A栋2层平面图，2F plan building A

▼B栋1层平面图，1F plan building B

▼C栋1层平面图，1F plan building C

▼D栋1层平面图，1F plan building D

Project Location: Gimpo, South Korea

Program: Cultural complex (art gallery, cafe, bakery, wineshop, office)Site Area : 7,200 m2Built Area :A Building(Renovation) / 900 m2

B Building / 200 m2

C Building / 120 m2

D Building / 103 m2

E Building / 45 m2

Client : Forerium

Architecture Design : Studio Studio

Construction Documents with OFF studio (Graphic Design : PACAY PACAY (All Photo by Park Sehee (