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设计亮点
将教堂设计成曾经漂泊在海上的船,利用悬浮空间和自然光营造出冥想氛围,同时满足社区公共活动需求。

我们想象这个教堂是非常久远以前曾经漂泊在海上的一艘船,岁月变迁,海水退去,留下来一处空间的构筑,依然凌空悬浮在沙滩之上。

We imagine the Seashore Chapel as an old boat drifting on the ocean long time ago. The ocean receded through time and left an empty structure behind, which is still lying on the beach.

▼鸟瞰,Aerial View ©施峥 / 直向建筑

▼曾经漂泊在海上的一艘船,An Old Boat Once Drifting on the Ocean©CreatAR Images / 直向建筑

悬浮带来了上下两层人的生活。下层是一个有遮盖的临海空间,它可以给这片沙滩上活动的人提供避雨遮阳休憩的场所。对我们而言,它更是一个连接世俗生活的空间。由于教堂离海非常近,在涨潮的时候,这个空间甚至会被海水浸没。在这一瞬间,这个建筑就回到了我们心目中那艘很久以前漂泊在海上的船一样的状态。

▼设计手稿,Sketch©直向建筑

▼剖面图,Section©直向建筑

The space is thus divided vertically. The covered outdoor space naturally becomes a resting place for people on the beach. It is also a space connecting religious space to the mundane life. When the tide rises, this space will be submerged by water. At that moment, the imagery of the drifting boat emerges out of the chapel.

▼西北立面,North-west Elevation ©陈颢/ 直向建筑

▼北立面,North Elevation©陈颢/ 直向建筑

▼西立面黄昏夜景,Dusk View of West Elevation©陈颢/ 直向建筑

▼西立面,West Elevation©陈颢/直向建筑

▼东立面,East Elevation©陈颢/ 直向建筑

▼西南视角,Southwest View©陈颢/直向建筑

而上层是一个属于宗教的空间。社区的人们进入这个空间的感受是从 30 米之外的甬道开始。人逐渐接近它,从大台阶中间留出的一道 600 毫米的空间缝隙,可以隐隐觉察到在另一端空间底层是悬空的,并窥视到一小段视野近端的海平线。人们拾级而上,进入大门,再绕过影壁,最后进入一个面向大海的教堂空间。由于空间被抬高的原因,在这里人的视野里没有沙滩和沙滩上的人,只有对面一望无际的海面。

The atmosphere on upper floor is intensely divine and religious. The spatial experience begins on the 30 meters path leading to the chapel. When people gradually approach, the cue emerges indicating the suspending space on the other side through the 600mm wide gap in the middle of the grand staircases. With a glimpse of ocean in distance, they walk up the stairs, go through the gate, and make a turn around the screen wall into the space with unblocking ocean view. The relationship between space and the ocean is closer due to the elevated position. The view is isolated from the beach and people, leaving the outstretched ocean the only view in sight.

▼涨潮时期的观海平台,Ocean-Viewing Platform during the Flood-tide©直向建筑

观海平台,Ocean-Viewing Platform©陈颢/直向建筑

▼观海平台海景,Seascape at Ocean-Viewing Platform©陈颢/直向建筑

▼从大台阶中间缝隙窥视海景,Looking into Seascape at the gap between Entrance Staircase©陈颢/ 直向建筑

▼从入口看向礼堂,View from Entrance to Auditorium©Peter Dixie / 直向建筑

整体空间与外界的洞口开设非常有限,只有空间的朝海面的底端是横向的透明大窗。为了使空间内部的光线气氛不至于过于明亮,朝海大窗被压低到 2 .7 米的高度,只满足人在视线范围内和海的联系。而教堂内部 10 米高的空间更多是被一种幽暗氛围的光所笼罩。其他几处的自然光源,也都是通过墙体之间的缝隙渗入内部,包括空间正对的十字架上下的微弱的三角光源。教堂尖耸的坡顶是另一处光的渠道,南侧弯曲内卷的墙体与北侧墙体之间 300 毫米的通长窄缝,可以允许自然光在顶部渗入空间。在春夏秋三个季节,当太阳高度角足够垂直的时候,中午的阳光会顺着北墙倾泻而下,形成动人的光影,但转瞬即逝。在那一霎那,stucco 墙面的凹凸肌理会被光线放大到极致,像是可以被触摸的皮肤。

▼设计手稿,Sketch©直向建筑

There are limited openings on the chapel. The only large horizontal ocean-view window is on the east facade. Its 2.7m height helps to avoid the interruption of excessive light to the interior, and also frames the view to the ocean. A few narrow gaps in between the walls also bring in natural lighting. Lighting is carefully controlled with the 10-meter tall interior space misting diffused light. On the east facade, a triangle opening gently illuminates the cross from both bottom and up. There is another light channel on top of the pitched roof allows the natural light streaming into the space which is a 300mm gap between the bended wall on north and the pitched roof. At the noon of spring, summer and fall, when the solar altitude is almost perpendicular, the light projects directly onto the wall on north, generating vivid lighting effect. Although the lights does not stay for long, the texture of the stucco wall is emphasized and celebrated by the light at the moment, and becomes a touchable skin.

▼夏季礼堂内景,Interior View of Auditorium in Summer©陈颢/ 直向建筑

▼从琴房看向礼堂,View from Piano Room to Auditorium©陈颢/ 直向建筑

▼冬季礼堂内景,Interior View of Auditorium in Winter©陈颢/ 直向建筑

观海阳台,Balcony©陈颢/直向建筑

▼冬季礼堂内景,Interior View of Auditorium in Winter©陈颢/ 直向建筑

▼夏季礼堂内景,Interior View of Auditorium in Summer©陈颢/ 直向建筑

▼夏季礼堂内景,Interior View of Auditorium in Summer©陈颢/ 直向建筑

阳光倾泻而下,形成动人的光影,The Light Projects Directly Onto the Wall, Generating Vivid Lighting Effect©陈颢/ 直向建筑

▼正午时分琴房处被照亮的白色肌理墙面,Stucco Wall of Piano Room Was Lighted Up at Noon©陈颢/直向建筑

▼西北视角仰望教堂及黄铜十字架,Northwest Upward View of Chapel and Brass Cross©陈颢/ 直向建筑

在空间的北侧,是一个向外挑出的冥想空间。空间尺度只允许一个人的进入,两侧墙面紧紧夹裹着人的身体,一道弧墙向海面旋开,将视线引到远处的海平线。

On the north side, there is a cantilevered space of meditation. The space can merely fit in one person where the walls wrap your body tightly, and one curvy wall extends the sight towards the distant ocean.

▼冥想空间,Meditation Space©陈颢/直向建筑

▼从观海平台看向冥想空间,View from Ocean-Viewing Platform to Meditation Space©陈颢/直向建筑

▼从观海平台仰视,Upward View from Ocean-Viewing Platform©陈颢/直向建筑

教堂空间充分考虑了自然通风,而为了保持教堂在外面整体的封闭性,所有的采光通风的玻璃窗扇都是被隐藏在建筑体量和平行外推的片墙的夹缝之间。

The design of this chapel considers natural ventilation comprehensively. In order to maintain the uniform and continuous exterior appearance, all the windows are hidden in the gaps between the main envelope and several pieces of paralleled sliding-out walls.

▼北立面雪景,North Elevation in Snow©陈颢/直向建筑

▼南立面,South Elevation©陈颢/ 直向建筑

▼东立面黄昏夜景,Dusk View of East Elevation©陈颢/ 直向建筑

▼东立面雾景,East Elevation in Fog©直向建筑

海边教堂服务于其西侧的一个度假社区,它是这个建筑群伸向海面的最远的一处人造空间。这个空间除了宗教信徒的使用,还会发生大量的社区公共活动。它将会和距其三百米处的三联海边图书馆一起,成为一组在海边让人静下心来,感受自然、感受自我的精神场所。

Seashore Chapel serves the resort community on its west side. It is the artificial space that is the closest to the ocean in the community. Apart from religious programs, many public and community events are planned in Seashore Chapel. Together with Seashore Library, they provide spiritual spaces at ocean front, where people can slow down their pace, experience the nature and examine their inner state.

▼从海边图书馆看向海边教堂,View from Seashore Library to Seashore Chapel©王镇 / 直向建筑

▼涨潮时的观海平台,Summer Tide under the Ocean-Viewing Platform©直向建筑

▼西立面黄昏夜景,Dusk View of West Elevation©陈颢/ 直向建筑

▼项目模型,Project Model©直向建筑

▼总平面图,Site Plan©直向建筑

▼首层平面图,Ground Floor Plan©直向建筑

▼二层平面图,First Floor Plan©直向建筑

▼剖面图,Section©直向建筑

地理位置:北戴河新区,中国 业主方:天行九州旅游置业开发有限公司 设计方:直向建筑 主持建筑师:董功 项目建筑师:孙栋平 驻场建筑师:孙栋平 项目成员:王艺祺、刘智勇、张艺凡 结构及设备专业:炎黄国际 结构师:纪立新,刘仲瑜 结构:混凝土结构 材料:白色肌理涂料、竹钢、玻璃幕墙 建筑面积:270 m2 设计周期:08/2014-11/2014 建设周期:11/2014-10/2015 摄影师:陈颢,施峥,CreatAR Images,Peter Dixie,王镇

Location: Beidaihe New District, China

Client: Beijing Rocfly Investment (Group) CO., LTD

Design Firm: Vector Architects

Principal Architect: Gong Dong

Project Architect: Dongping Sun

Design Team: Yi Chi Wang, Zhiyong Liu, Yifan Zhang

Site Architect: Dongping Sun

Structural & MEP Engineering: Beijing Yanhuang International Architecture & Engineering Co.,Ltd.

Structural Consultant: Lixin Ji, Zhongyu Liu

Structure: Concrete Structure

Material: White Stucco, Laminated Bamboo Slate, Glass Curtain Wall

Building Area: 270 m2

Design Period: 08/2014-11/2014Construction Period: 11/2014-10/2015

Photo Photographer: Chen Hao, Shi Zheng, CreatAR Images, Peter Dixie, Wang Zhen

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海边教堂 | 悬浮空间与自然光影的冥想之旅
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