银橡酒庄 | 美国最具环境效益的零净水零能源酒庄_商业建筑_设计案例作品

发布时间：2022-07-26 06:50:06 {{ caseViews }} {{ caseCollects }}

设计亮点

结合功能性与多用途，创造精良平易近人的室外空间；保护和加强自然生态，采用生态滤沟网、膜生物反应器和灌溉池塘等创新技术。

Munden Fry Landscape Associates：自19世纪80年代起，仙粉黛葡萄树便开始在这片占地46公顷的银橡树葡萄园里生长。新的银橡酒庄是一家小规模的家族酒庄，也是美国最具环境效益的酒庄，它还获得了LEED白金认证和“生存建筑挑战” 认证(Living Building Challenge)。Munden Fry Landscape Design Associates与Piechota Architecture共同达成了客户的目标：创造全美唯一的零净水和零能源葡萄酿酒厂。

Munden Fry Landscape Associates: On the 113-acre site where the Silver Oak vineyards now stand, Zinfandel vines have grown since the 1880s. The new Silver Oak is a small, family-owned winery that is the most environmentally responsive winery in the US, attaining LEED Platinum and Living Building Challenge Certifications. Munden Fry Landscape Design Associates & Piechota Architecture achieved the client’s goal in creating the only zero net water and zero net energy winery in the country.

这家新酒庄从一开始就被寄予了厚望：不以酿造优质葡萄酒为代价，而是希望它能在葡萄种植领域出类拔萃，并成为世界级的可持续型酒庄。MFLA面临的挑战是如何将能源匮乏的单一栽培转变为可持续的多样化生态系统，同时稳定葡萄园的产量，并为游客提供难忘的教育体验。

From the beginning, there were strong aspirations for the new winery to be outstanding in its field of viticulture, become one of the most sustainable wineries in the world, and not at the expense of making great wine. The challenge for MFLA was how to take an energy hungry monoculture and transform it into a sustainably diverse ecosystem while allowing the vineyard to produce a consistent yield and provide a memorable, educational experience for visitors.

银橡酒庄的景观设计范围包括葡萄园的布局管理、行车流线和停车组织、活动场地和游客体验设计。为了满足这些不同的需求，景观必须是功能性和多用途的结合，创造一个精良且平易近人的室外空间。

The landscape scope included vineyard layout and management, vehicular circulation and parking, events and visitor experience. To meet these different needs, the landscape design had to be functional and versatile, while delivering a sophisticated yet approachable outdoor space.

农业的设计语汇强化了场地特性，创造了光影、反射和重复的动态化的相互作用。通过种植适宜当地气候的植物和创新水管理系统，使场地内的自然生态得到了保护和加强，主要应用在生态滤沟网、膜生物反应器和2.5英亩(约1公顷)的灌溉池塘。

The agricultural design vocabulary reinforced the identity of the land to create a dynamic interplay of light, shadow, reflection, and repetition. Natural ecologies on the site were preserved and enhanced with climate appropriate planting and an innovative water management system that includes a network of designed bioswales, a membrane bioreactor, and a 2.5-acre pond that serves as the main water source for the vineyard.

▼水管理系统分析 Water Management Diagram

品酒室旁的镜水池让人想到水在当地发挥的重要作用。水池中央有冷却作用和照明效果，单一的水池平面上反映出了项目多层次的过渡 – 砾石、混凝土、树木、壁板、玻璃、草和木材。绿篱、林荫路、灌木丛和草地定义了银橡酒庄的生产和接待环境。出于对场地环境的保护，也考虑到要准备新种植一些植物，所有的非本地物种都被根除。场地上现有的几棵本地橡树(禾叶栎)得以保留，其中一棵大型树木被移植到了更突出的位置。月桂是需水量小的常绿树篱，围合了室外空间，并为周围景观增添景致。入口处附近的生态湿地种植了松木草(Muhlenbergia dubia)，该物种非常适合夏季干燥的气候。在品酒室和生产间附近，白根(Carex barbarae)、苔草(Carex praegracilis)和灯心草(Juncus effuses)，所有的加州本地植物都沿着生态滤沟种植。

The reflecting pool that runs alongside the tasting room, recalls the exalted role that water plays in the region. Its central placement provides cooling and lighting effects and reflects the project’s many layers of articulation – gravel, concrete, tree, siding, glass, grass, wood – together on a single plane. Hedgerows, allees, bosques and grass meadows define both the production and hospitality environments at Silver Oak. As part of the conservation effort and preparation for new planting, all non-native species were eradicated. Several existing native Oaks (Quercus agrifolia) on the property were retained and preserved, with one large specimen transplanted to a more prominent location. Laurus nobilis, a low-water evergreen hedge, creates outdoor rooms and frames views to the surrounding landscape. At the entry road, bioswales are planted with Muhlenbergia dubia, a species well suited to summer-dry climates. At the Tasting Room and Production Building, Carex barbarae, Carex praegracilis, and Juncus effuses, all California natives, line the bioswales.

昆虫的引入可以改善葡萄园的健康状况，为益虫提供了栖息地，如蜜蜂、瓢虫、草蛉和其他害虫捕食性昆虫，从而减少了农药的使用。昆虫吸引策略通过基于场地功能而特意选择各种本地灌木、多年生开花植物和野花来实现。

Insectary planting promotes the health of the vineyards and reduces pesticide use by providing habitat for beneficial insects such as bees, ladybugs, lacewings, and other pest-predators. The insectary palette includes a diverse range of native shrubs, flowering perennials, and wildflowers deliberately chosen for functional purposes across the site.

通过探索场地的独特身份和目标，MFLA从整体设计上支撑起充满活力和可持续的生态环境，同时满足了酒庄正常运转所需的生产设施需求，以及葡萄酒爱好者对于温馨空间的需求。

By exploring the site’s unique identity and goals, MFLA responded with a holistic design that supported a vibrant, sustainable ecology while meeting the needs of a working production facility and an inviting space for wine lovers.

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