由Xylotek设计建造的五座迷人的镂空竹塔在今年9月21~26日的Chelsea花卉展上为“广州花园：广州中国”带来了活力，获得了花卉展金奖。设计公司位于英国布里斯托尔，是先进木结构的专家。

Five beguiling latticework bamboo towers developed and fabricated by Xylotek, the Bristol-based advanced timber structure specialists, animate the landscape of “The Guangzhou Garden: Guangzhou China” at this year’s Chelsea Flower Show (21-26 September),

crowning the event’s Gold Medal

▼花园中的竹塔，bamboo towers int he garden

Xylotek与知名景观建筑设计事务所Grant Associates合作完成了这些精致的竹塔，唤起人们对广州建筑天际线的想象。广州是一座位于中国珠三角地区的港口城市，拥有1500万人口，致力于在“生态文明”的概念基础上规划城市环境。在设计中引入塔楼的想法最早来自于Grant Associates，他们在“广州花园”的整体设计中体现了重新在人与自然之间建立连接，重塑城市景观的迫切需求。五栋精致的塔楼成为了景观“花园”城市的几处节点，高度从1.8米到8.4米不等，人类和野生动物都可以使用。它们由毛竹片制成，这种竹子生长快、可持续性高，比起一般建造材料更容易回收再利用。

Designed as a collaboration with the leading landscape architecture practice Grant Associates, the filigree towers evoke the architectural skyscape of Guangzhou, the port city on China’s Pearl River Delta with a population of 15 million and a commitment to environmental planning based on the concept of ‘ecological civilisation’.   The idea for introducing towers to the scheme originates from Grant Associates whose overall approach at “The Guangzhou Garden” brings to life the idea that cities need urgent re-landscaping in ways that reconnect people and nature. Punctuating the landscaped ‘garden’ city, the five filigree towers, intended for use by wildlife and humans alike and ranging in height from 1.8 to 8.4 metres, are made of laminated mōsō bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), a fast-growing, sustainably sourced bamboo that is easier to recycle than typical construction materials.

▼不同大小的竹塔外观

external view of the bamboo towers in different scales

每座塔由垂直排列的弧形竖向构件，以及包裹在外的镂空螺旋支撑网格组成，后者在现场经手工弯曲后围绕垂直元素固定。Xylotek从设计早期就开始研究项目的几何和结构原理，寻找最合适的材料。设计最后选择了Mōsō Nfinity这种材料，这是一种胶合竹条，产自中国的可持续种植基地，拥有可观的强度和耐久性，可以承受极端条件的影响。

Each tower consists of vertically aligned curving upright elements, wrapped with a bracing lattice of curved spiralling strips hand-bent into place and fixed around the uprights. Xylotek worked from early design stages to develop the geometric and structural principles and to determine the best material to use. Mōsō Nfinity – formed of glue-laminated strips of bamboo sourced from sustainable plantations in China – was chosen for its strength and durability in external conditions.

▼结构分析，structural analysis

包裹每座塔楼的晶格图案在不同尺度上重复出现和变化。在最大和最小的塔楼中，外皮以连续规整的图案螺旋上升；而中等尺度的塔楼则被丝带式的较短条带覆盖，在可辨别的重复图案的基础上，呈现出了一定的随机性。

The lattice patterns wrapping around each tower vary, with features recurring at different scales. On the largest and smallest towers, the wraps spiral in continuous regular patterns, whilst the intermediate ones are covered with shorter ribbon-like strips conveying a sense of randomness, although underlying repetitive patterns can be discerned.

▼不同尺度竹塔外层包裹的图案不同，different wrapping patterns of  towers in different scales

▼从竹塔内部仰望结构图案，look up at the structural patterns from inside the tower

较大的结构内设有长椅和观景平台，入口通道由弯折成哥特式拱门形状的竹条制成，这种形式在另一座带有侧翼的贝壳状塔楼中也有出现。

The larger structures feature a bench and observation platform, and entranceways leading towards them are made of bamboo strips re-laminated to form Gothic arches, a form that recurs in the clamshell-like tower, which carries a swing.

▼大结构内设有长椅，bench featured in larger structures

▼自然中的休息空间，resting space int he nature

▼长椅和结构细部，details of the bench and structure

Xylotik的整体设计目标是创造一套轻质镂空结构，其几何形式与结构走向一致，运用网壳原理提供坚固的弧形支撑。在此基础上，Xylotek进行了一系列物理测试和结构分析，以确定胶合竹材在不同截面上可以达到的弧度和扭转率。通过实验工坊、全尺寸原型和数字模拟，设计师最终找到了最佳的几何形式。建筑由Xylotek在布里斯托尔的工作坊安装建造。最大的结构需要使用定制的轴向旋转框架，先以临时的外壳保护包裹用的元素，直到其自身达到需要的刚度。

Xylotek’s overall aim was to create lightweight lattice structures whose geometries would work in sympathy with their structural actions, using the principles of the gridshell to provide stiff, curved structures. To this end, Xylotek carried out a series of physical tests and structural analyses to determine viable bending curvatures and the rates of twist that could be achieved by strips of the laminated bamboo at different cross-sections. Feedback between workshop-floor experiments, full-scale prototypes and digital simulation enabled them to find optimum geometries. The structures were assembled in Xylotek’s Bristol workshop – the largest structure requiring a bespoke axially rotating assembly framework to be developed in order to allow the wrapping elements to be wound onto a temporary armature until its own stiffness was achieved.

▼施工过程，construction process

花园由中国文化项目顾问公司Creativersal委托设计，其主要赞助人为广州市林业和园林局。

The garden has been designed on behalf of the China-based culture project consultancy Creativersal. Its main sponsor is the Administration of Forestry and Gardening of Guangzhou Municipality.

▼水池中的竹塔，bamboo tower in the pool

▼结构与环境细部

details of the structures and the environment

Garden design: Grant Associates

Timber structure: Xylotek

Living walls: Biotecture

Water features: Bamber Wallis

Main contractor: The Outdoor Room