安克雷奇博物馆公共景观 | 桦树林中的城市生态奇观_文化中心_设计案例作品

发布时间：2012-01-24 17:50:03 {{ caseViews }} {{ caseCollects }}

设计亮点

以桦树林为特色，打造动态城市生态景观，巧妙融入博物馆建筑，提供丰富的户外活动空间。

总平面，master landscape site plan with labels

▼鸟瞰，弯曲的道路，几何的分区与茂密的树林，aerial view of the common shows both the increasing density of birch trees from the building across the Common and the angular geometry of the walkway superimposed over the curvilinear walk of the birches

The Anchorage Museum Common is a 2-acre park where elements of landscape, history, and culture beckon to visitors and locals alike. This new setting for the expanded museum is an urban birch forest “scooped” out of the surrounding landscape, creating one of the city’s most memorable and emblematic civic spaces.

The northern-most major city in the United States, Anchorage spreads across the foothills at the head of Cook Inlet. Inspired by the dramatic wilderness setting, the design team’s unified goal for the Common was to encourage an appreciation of the museum’s extraordinary natural surroundings. The landscape concept sprang from an idea to “scoop the trees from a nearby forest and toss them down in front of the museum.”The grove of The Birches uses paper birches, one of the most culturally and ecologically important native trees in the state, salvaged from commercial developments. The trees are planted on a graduated grid, moving from dense spacing at the west end of the site to a light and airy configuration at the building face. The trees fill the park, complementing the dramatic form, mass, and semi-transparent skin of the building, and creating a striking presence at the street frontage. A low understory planting of natives affords the park a sense of openness and visibility. Together, these plants will adapt to the environmental influences of the city and create their own, dynamic urban ecology.

▼从城市方向看博物馆入口。一个雕塑耸立在入口，view from downtown Anchorage pedestrian overpass to the museum entrance through the birch forest. Sculpture by Antony Gormley is in the foreground

口楼梯的左侧，“房子的背面”也被完美整合，master Landscape site plan with labels © Charles Anderson | Atelier ps

The curvilinear Walk of the Birches weaves through the grid, while the other pathways cut through it. The Allée is a strong diagonal axis striking toward the museum’s entrance, and the darkened concrete of The Promenade extends the dark floor of the museum outward to meet the Birch grid. It is scaled to accommodate a variety of events and is heated to be ice-free in winter.

The park expresses a “civilized wild” by using a planting palette balanced between natives and culturally-significant species. The Allée is lined with purple-leaved flowering crabapple, under-planted with native irises. The ornamental spring plantings of the Linear Gardens echo the city’s sensational display of annuals.

The Common is designed to inspire and accommodate the museum’s programming and will host a diverse set of civic celebrations and activities throughout the year. Rooms carved into the forest are surfaced with turf and hardscape, creating areas for gathering, sculpture, and group activity. The largest of these is The Green, which generously spills out from the museum, forms the heart of the site and is framed by birches on three sides. Each of the greens is a flexible and programmable outdoor room.

The design of the Common distills the museum’s regional context to the essence of a birch forest and shifts the paradigm of landscape design away from static garden typology to an expressive, dynamic ecology that adapts to the urban environment. This provides visitors and locals alike with a deeper appreciation of nature in the city, which will in turn inspire a greater curiosity about the multitude of Alaska landscapes.

安克雷奇博物馆的两英亩绿地景观因其历史文化性而获得当地居民一直好评。一片桦树林创造出城市最为难忘的地标性文娱场所。安克雷奇是位于美国北部最重要的城市，临近库克湾。

这里有着非凡的自然环境，景观的灵感起源于一个想法：将附近森林中的树木变到博物馆前。

桦树采用的品种是美国最为乡土和代表的纸桦树。树木成网格状种植，形成戏剧般的效果，就像博物馆的半透明的皮肤，同时也面对城市形成醒目的存在。

树木适应城市环境，并形成独有的生态小气候。

入口的斜轴醒目而强势，弯曲的路径在树丛中穿越，博物馆的混凝土漫到树前，冬季有加热装置来保证无冰以适应各种活动。繁茂植物的季相就是人类与当地植物之间的一支交响曲—“文明的野生”。线性花境中有着紫叶海棠灯地被。这里春天的色彩就像是色彩们欢乐的爆炸。为了容纳以及激发博物馆的活动。大片区域是草皮和硬地景观。这里能进行各种聚会。最中间的绿色大草坪是景观的核心，三面桦树带中有着丰富的灵活室外活动空间。

绿地是社区汇聚地，也是一处安静之地，the green is a gathering place for community activities and also a tranquil location to observe reflections on the facade

(Left)The 16-foot ipe benches are a popular place in the sun at lunchtime. A stainless steel ribbon on the back edge of each bench is etched with patron names. The colorful flowers are a major tourist attraction of Anchorage. / (Right) Anchorage has a great tradition of extravagant annual flower planting. These flower beds are kepttolong linear strips as a counterpoint to the native planting in the other 80 percent of the park.

▼面街的玻璃幕墙反射出树影，birch trees silhouette against the glass facade between the street and the outdoor cafe

▼用餐露台是博物馆混凝土的延伸，像漂浮在景观之上

the dining terrace is an extension of the building’s integrally colored concrete foundation. It appears to float above the landscape

▼林间蜿蜒散步小路，鼓励人们漫步和发现，采用回收的玻璃等材料制成，The Walk of the Birches is a black pigmented concrete path seeded with recycled glass. The meandering of this path encourages strolling and discovery

景观分层，landscape Layers

▼设计过程中桦树密度试验。最密的试验网格是两米见方的，during designdevelopmentthere was concern that the birch trees would be too dense. Amock upof 2 x 2 timbers demonstrated that they were not

▼早春，从这个角度，几乎看不出来树木呈网格排布，birches in early spring. From this vantage point, where the trees are planted most closely, the grid is barely discernible

▼入口人视，view of “Habitat“ by Antony Gormley through birch trees

▼冻霜的桦树以及周围建筑充满戏剧效果的映衬，the drama of frosted birches is accentuated by the reflection of the setting sun on the building facade. Wood and concrete benches flank the Green

▼查尔斯安德森草图，Charles Anderson’s sketch of birch trees at the comment

▼街区模型，Model with street context

▼模型，建筑立面，anchorage Museum Expansion building elevation model

▼渲染鸟瞰，an illustrative birdeye view of the comment

▼桦树研究，birch tree studies

▼安克雷奇之绿，the green (lawn) at the anchorage comment

▼朝建筑方向的弯曲路径，view toward the building at the curve path

Project Title: The Anchorage Museum Common

Landscape Architect of Record:FIRM: Charles Anderson | Atelier ps

LEAD DESIGNER: Charles Anderson, FASLA

Project Type: Civic and Institutional Design

Location: Anchorage, Alaska, USA