Zorgvlied火葬场位于历史悠久的阿姆斯特丹Zorgvlied公墓，于去年春天开始投入使用。“火葬场（crematorion）”一词由火化（cremate）和星群（Orion）组成，建筑师设计了新的结构，以让遗属在遗体进入火葬炉之前，可以尽可能地陪伴在死去的所爱之人身边。

Zorgvlied Crematorion, situated in the historical Zorgvlied Cemetery in Amsterdam, opened last spring. The word Crematorion is composed of the words cremate and Orion (constellation), and represents a new approach to cremation allowing mourners to accompany the remains of their beloved ones as far as possible towards the cremation furnace. GROUP A has designed the innovative structure in such a way it facilitates this new approach.

▼建筑外观，external view of the building

▼ 内部 interior

建筑和环境 Ritual in architecture and environment

这座16米高的火葬场安静地融入了公墓绿意盎然的环境，道路两侧的植物悄悄地蔓延在建筑的立面之上。建筑由石头堆砌的基础和一个搭在其上的轻盈的帐篷式超级结构构成，最上方开口由玻璃天窗覆盖。这些材料的对比象征了沉重的肉体和轻盈的灵魂之间的纠缠。天窗面向太阳而开，帐篷式结构的旋转亦是根据阳光的强弱和基地位置而设计。阳光由天窗洒入前院，照亮了其中的玻璃马赛克墙面，正是这面墙，将火葬场的公共区域和技术区域分开。

The 16-metre high Crematorion is carefully embedded in the leafy surroundings of the cemetery and the vegetation on both sides of the path continues rising along the walls of the exterior. The Crematorion has a base made of stone and a light, tent-like superstructure over it, ending into a glass covered opening. The contrasting materials symbolise the tension between the heaviness of the earth and the insubstantiality of the heavenly and spiritual. The opening in the top is oriented to the sun and the rotation in the tent-structure stems from the difference between the incidence of sunlight and the direction of the site. Daylight comes from above into the forecourt, where it illuminates the glass mosaic wall. This wall also separates the forecourt from the technical area of the Crematorion.

▼建筑融入环境，the architecture embedded in the surroundings with vegetation along the walls

▼技术区域入口，entrance of technical area

▼ 植被半覆盖着建筑，the building is embedded by the plants

▼材质的对比象征肉体和灵魂，contrast of the materials symbolise the earth and the spirit

送别的合适方式 A fitting way of leave-taking

火葬场与葬礼会场分开，为一座独立的建筑，包括一个火葬炉和一个遗体处理间。当人们在Zorgvlied公墓的礼堂或其他地方举行完送别仪式后，遗属们将陪伴曾经深爱的死者穿过Zorgvlied美丽的土地来到这座火葬场，送死者最后一程。与一般的火葬场不同，这里的火葬炉的开口与外界直接相连，遗属可以目送棺材进入火葬炉，甚至可以选择是否亲自将其送入。这样的设计满足了不同人不同文化的送别礼仪，鼓励人们以自己的方式参与到遗体送别之中，让他们可以选择自己认为最合适的送别方式。

The Crematorion is a stand-alone building, housing a cremation furnace and processing room, separate from the usual auditorium. The structure is designed to focus the minds on the ritual of leave-taking. It is designed to evoke personal involvement, allowing each participant to shape it and give it meaning in his or her own particular way. The farewell ceremony may be held in the auditorium of Zorgvlied or elsewhere – even at home. After this ceremony, the relatives accompany the remains of their dear deceased loved one through the beautiful grounds of Zorgvlied to the Crematorion. The next of kin get to choose whether they want to leave the casket in the special forecourt, or whether they want to enter it into the furnace themselves. The furnaces opening is connected directly to the outside. Also, unlike a regular service at a crematorium, all invitees can be present at the moment the casket enters the furnace. It allows differing cultures the opportunity of taking leave in their own way, employing the rituals they consider most appropriate.

▼火葬炉开口与外界直接相连，the furnace opening connected directly to the outside

▼ 从火葬炉口看向外界，view from the furnace to outside

最后的旅途 The final journey

建筑本身的形态亲切并出众，其轻盈的帐篷式结构为一种隐喻，使人联想到灵魂从实体中升华。自古以来，葬礼都包含将遗体由送别仪式抬到火葬场这一步骤，在Group A的设计中，这段遗属送别死者的旅途被作为十分重要的考量，并在这座建筑中找到了其含义，死者的灵魂与肉体分离，顺着建筑的垂直结构缓缓上升，终化为天上的星辰。

The distinctive pavilion is a friendly and recognizable building, with its subtle hints of something higher than the earthly sphere. In GROUP A’s design, the routing through the historic Cemetery – the journey of the deceased and the next of kin, from the auditorium to the Crematorion – plays an important role. The verticality of the design reinforces the idea of the spirit of the departed, rising to the imaginary stars. It helps to turn this final journey into a meaningful ritual.

▼灵魂仿佛沿建筑向上升华，the spirit rises through the vertical design

▼总平面，site plan

▼平面，plans

▼剖面图，一侧为前院，一侧为技术区域，section indicating that one side is the forecourt and the other is the technical area

Project data Project Name: Zorgvlied Crematorion Project Address: Amsteldijk 273, 1079 LL Amsterdam Client: Gemeente Amstelveen Architect: GROUP A, Rotterdam Team: Maarten van Bremen, Jos Overmars, Folkert van Hagen, Adam Visser Main Contractor: Bouwbedrijf van Schaik BV, Breukelen

Structural Engineer: Breed ID, Den Haag Structural Engineer Tent: Tentech bv, Utrecht M-Installations: Kemp Installatie BV, Amstelveen E-Installations: Hirdes Energie Techniek, Amsterdam

Cremation oven: DFW Europe, Broek op Langendijk Start Design: 2010 Start Construction: August 2015 Completion: March 2016 Area: 250 sqm

Photography: Digidaan, Amsterdam