于特岛惨案纪念之环 | 自然与人文的和谐共生_办公空间_设计案例作品

发布时间：2015-07-22 15:12:00 {{ caseViews }} {{ caseCollects }}

设计亮点

将纪念空间与自然景观完美融合，创造出既有纪念意义又能与生态环境和谐共处的公共空间。

来自

3rw

当森林中的大树死亡时，森林中会多出一块空地，形成茂密森林中的一个空洞。3rw对特岛惨案纪念点的设计也遵循这样的理念—在大自然中找到一个清晰的斑点，并与周围的自然风景相融合。

于特岛惨案是自第二次世界大战结束以来挪威境内发生的最为严重的暴力袭击事件。2011年7月22日，挪威人布雷维克先在挪威政府办公大楼前引爆威力巨大的汽车炸弹，然后又在奥斯陆以西40公里的于特岛枪杀参加挪威工党青年团夏令营的人群，共造成77人死亡，300多人受伤。

建筑师在几棵大松树之间的开放空间里吊起一个大圆环。这里离夏令营近在咫尺，处于地势较低的地段，面对水面。沿途地面上铺着大石板，可以有效防止杂草生长，降低维护费用。设计师在纪念点附近精心布置了植物，吸引了岛上众多生物，包括蝴蝶。

Our goal is to shape the open space between the big pine trees as a major unifying circle. The circle is set in the landscape with a slightly lower slope than the current terrain, but still allowing the sloping down towards the water and preserves an amphitheater / bowl shape. When the path from the central building areas at Utøya comes in to the memorial, we lower the terrain gently along the circle, thus creating a seating edge where you approach the circle.

On the opposite side of the circle, the terrain is slightly lifted and you create in this way another edge where you are facing out of the circle, towards the water and Sørbråten (public memorial on the shoreside). Along the edge of the circle, we pave the ground with rough slate-stones. This will allow people to move around, even in wheelchairs. The top and bottom edges are also covered with slate so they are more comfortable to sit on. Slate slabs will prevent that new vegetation and weeds grow too aggressive, therefore deteriorating the clearing. It will thus conserve the clearing without requiring extensive maintenance. Inside the circle we build a garden with specially selected plants that attract many species of butterflies found on Utøya.

大金属环相当沉重，亡者的姓名被镂空铭刻在环上。游客可以绕环圆环或转动身体把名字读完。

所有的建设都是依靠志愿者的帮助而完成，建筑师在这个项目中也得到了其它项目中没有的特殊体验。

From the tall pine trees, we hang a heavy metal ring where the names of all victims are carved out. The names will read by the light that shines through the plate. Moving around the ring, one can read all the names.

All building work is planned so that it can be performed with a high degree of volunteer effort. There are few requirements for precision, and the concept can be adapted to local terrain conditions on site.

Our design ensures most of the work-operations on site would allow for a collaborative construction open to volunteers, the parents of the victims and former members of the youth labour party (AUF-veterans) – a process called in Norwegian a ‘‘Dugnad’’.

The spirit of the Dugnad is embedded in the Norwegian culture, and is very prominent in the local culture in the youth labour party and on the island Utøya, both how it has been managed, and how it is run as a political venue. For us the spirit of Dugnad also can be a vital part of the healing process for those affected by the incidents in 2011. Through collective and active participation, one is able to produce new positive memories from the island, and form a special ownership to the memorial. Beeing able to participate in this work as an architect, side by side with the persons that the memorial is intended for, also gives us a very special relation to the project, more so than any other project we have designed.