通化县乌拉草沟河综合改造项目 / 水石设计_景观_设计案例作品

发布时间：2023-11-12 02:24:00 {{ caseViews }} {{ caseCollects }}

水石设计：让河道重新回归生活，享受慢河、慢行、慢时光。

SHUISHI: Bring the river back to life, Enjoy the slow river, slow traffic, and slow time.

01 项目背景 Project background

水岸景观要提升，河道养护需加强 Waterfront landscape needs to be improved, river maintenance needs to be strengthened

乌拉草沟河位于吉林省通化县老城区内，曾因河中生长着乌拉草而得名，是一条流经县城内的城市排洪河道，由于建设年久，河道两侧绿化缺失，河道内淤积问题严重。河道水源主要为长白山余脉的冰雪融水和山体汇水，常水位水深不到10cm，秋季易枯竭，然而洪水位水深却在3米上下，水位高差变化非常大，生态系统很不稳定。

Located in the old town of Tonghua County, Jilin Province, Wulacaogou River was named for the Wula grass growing in the river. It is an urban flood discharge waterway flowing through the county seat. Due to years of disrepair, there lacks greening on both sides of the river, and sedimentation is serious in the river channel. The main water source is the snow and ice melt water and the mountain catchment in the Changbai Mountain veins. The normal water level is less than 10cm in depth, which is easy to dry up in autumn, but is about 3 meters deep during the flood. The difference in water level is very large, and the ecosystem is very unstable.

▽改造前的河道街景 River street scene before the renovation

现状河道为硬质驳岸，河道上方存在多条外露管线，影响城市景观效果。河道两侧居民区、商业、学校成三段式分布，由两条市政道路分隔，使得城市的割裂感非常明显。河道周边交通动线上存在人车通行交集较多，安全隐患大的风险。河道现状植被，中间段的旱柳长势良好，可以保留利用。乌拉草沟河目前以功能性的泄洪河道为主，未发挥出城市河道的景观、娱乐与休闲功能。

The current river has hard revetments, and there are several exposed pipelines above the river, which affects the urban landscape effect. Residential areas, businesses and schools on both sides of the river are distributed in three sections, and separated by two municipal roads, resulting in an obvious sense of separation in the urban area. There are many intersections between people and vehicles on the traffic lines around the river, posing great safety risks. Regarding the current vegetation of the river, the dry willows in the middle section grow well and can be retained for use. The Wulacaogou River mainly serves as a functional spillway channel, which has not played the landscape, entertainment and leisure functions of an urban river.

▽改造前的河道剖面 River section before the renovation

02 设计策略 Design strategy

实施三大策略，让河道重新回归生活 Implement three strategies to bring the river back to life

项目的核心设计思想是让河道重新回归生活，享受慢行，慢河，慢时光。设计打破原有泄洪渠割裂城市的格局，将河道的泄洪与城市慢行体系融为一体。此次改造不仅充分利用了长白山原生态持续不断的冰雪融水，更是山、水、城市和人有机的衔接起来。设计充分考虑周边现状及业态，打开河道的同时，为市民、学生提空科普教育的文化场所，成为展示城市活力的舞台，居民亲水、戏水的活力绿地。

The core design idea of the project is to bring the river back to life, letting the people to enjoy the slow traffic, slow river, and slow time. The design breaks the original pattern of the spillway separating the city, and integrates the river flood discharge function with the urban slow traffic system. The renovation not only makes full use of the continuous melting water of snow and ice in the original ecology of Changbai Mountain, but also organically connect the mountains, water, city and people. The design fully considers the surrounding status quo and business forms. While opening up the river channel, it provides a cultural place for popular science education for citizens and students, becoming a stage to show the vitality of the city, and a dynamic green space for residents to enjoy the water.

▽总平面图 General layout

▽设计语言 Design language

▽改造后的河道剖面 Modified river section

策略一慢河：自然与重塑 Strategy I Slow river: Nature and remodeling

在慢河部分，设计上首先打破原有泄洪渠割裂城市的格局，将6m的河道断面扩宽到6-18m左右，通过降低水的流速，使市民更好更安全的与水互动。其次，通过改变河道的断面，将原有直立驳岸改为台阶式亲水驳岸，河道内设计过水汀步和涌水坝，在确保行洪功能的前提下，降低日常的水流速度。

In the slow river part, the design first breaks the original pattern that the flood way divided the city, and widens the 6m river section to about 6-18m. By slowing the flow of water, it enables citizens to interact with the water better and safer. Secondly, by changing the section of the river, it turns the original vertical revetment into a stepped water-friendly revetment, and designs stepping stones on water surface and swell dams in the river to reduce the daily water flow speed on the premise of ensuring the flood discharge function.

▽道路改造分析图 Road reconstruction analysis diagram

▽降低水流速，使人更安全的与水互动 Reduce water velocity to make it safer for people to interact with the water

水质净化以乌拉草为主，将硬质驳岸变为软质驳岸，恢复乌拉草沟河的生态环境，为市民提供可赏可玩的滨水环境。同时在河道内补植水生植物，底部铺火山岩、河卵石等增加河道的自净功能。

The water is mainly purified with Wula grass. The design turns the hard revetment into a soft one, and restores the ecological environment of the Wulacaogou River, and provide a waterfront environment for the public to enjoy and play. At the same time, it replants aquatic plants in the river, and lays volcanic rocks and pebbles at the bottom to increase the self-purification function of the river.

▽恢复乌拉草沟河的生态环境 Restore the ecological environment of the Wulacaogou River

策略二慢行：绿道与连接 Strategy II Slow traffic: Greenway and connection

在绿道连接部分，景观与市政专业共同研究，改变原有市政车道分布河道两侧方式，将车行道集中布局在河道一侧或局部改道，实现人车分流，还道路空间给市民，同时增加亲水体验，让人的速度慢下来。强化河道与周边建筑、周边商铺的联系，形成完备的环境景观界面，实现无安全隐患、便民的公共景观可达空间。

In the greenway and connection part, the landscape and municipal majors launch joint studies to change the original pattern that the municipal lanes are distributed on both sides of the river, and put the vehicle lanes on one side of the river or make partial diversion, so as to separate people and vehicles, return the road space to the citizens, and increase the water-access experience, to slow people down. It strengthens the connection between the river and the surrounding buildings and shops, forms a complete environmental landscape interface, to build an accessible public landscape space with no security risks for the convenience of the people.

▽绿道横向与纵向的连接 Horizontal and vertical connection of greenways

▽利用人行桥体系进行场地之间的连接 Connect the sites with the pedestrian overpass system

慢行系统以过街人行天桥链接被市政道路划分的公共绿廊，确保沿河慢行的完整性与安全性，最终行程2.4公里长贯穿中轴的绿道体系。河道设计两层慢道体系，滨水道路供市民亲水游玩使用，洪水时期作为可淹没区域；堤顶设计的慢跑道联通栈桥便于市民日常通行使用。

The slow traffic system applies the pedestrian overpasses to link public greenways divided by municipal roads to ensure the integrity and safety of the slow traffic in the 2.4 km greenway system along the river that runs through the central axis. The riverway is designed to have two layers of slow traffic system. The waterfront road is used by the public to enjoy the water, which can be inundated during flood. The jogging track at the top of the embankment is connected to the trestle bridge for the daily traffic of the citizens.

▽慢跑道联通栈桥 The jogging track is connected to the trestle bridges.

策略三：慢时光-文化与活力 Strategy III: Slow time Culture and vitality

我们通过绿道体系的塑造和河道的扩宽，最终呈现出怡人的滨水活力与文化空间，唤醒河道与城市的关联，连接人与自然的对话。

Through shaping the greenway system and widening the river, we finally present a pleasant waterfront vitality and cultural space, awaken the connection between the river and the city, and connect the dialogue between man and nature.

▽滨水活动空间的分段处理 The segmented treatment of waterfront activity space

▽通过河道的拓宽，呈现丰富的滨水空间 The widening of the river presents a rich waterfront space

河道规划设计上融入城市绿道、文化展示、儿童娱乐、市民休闲、生态科普等功能，形成分段定位，对应呈现不同的主题与内容，同时串联河道两边的景点与商铺。真正意义上做到让河道回归市民生活，享受通化慢时光。

The river planning and design integrates urban greenway, cultural display, children’s entertainment, citizen leisure, ecological science popularization and other functions to form a segmented positioning, corresponding to the presentation of different themes and contents, while connecting scenic spots and shops on both sides of the river. It really makes the river return to the life of citizens, enabling them to enjoy the slow time of Tonghua.

▽通化记忆文化展示墙 Tonghua memory culture display wall

▽儿童友好攀爬区 Child-friendly climbing area

▽尽享亲水戏水、回归自然之趣 Enjoy the fun of water splashing, returning to nature

▽拉进河道与商铺的距离 Close the distance between the river and the shops

03 应对难点 Dealing with difficulties

有效解决问题，激发河道活力 Effectively solve problems and stimulate river vitality

为应对气候性考虑 Deal with climate considerations

通化冬季严寒周期长，河岸冻胀反应明显，为避免驳岸遭到破坏，材料选择上以自然抗冻胀的材料为主。工程实施上基础全部埋于冻土层以下，面层石材采用挂贴结合的方式，减轻冻胀反应。

Tonghua has a long cold period in winter, with obvious freeze-heaving reaction of the riverbank. In order to avoid the damage of the revetments, natural freeze-heave resistant materials are mainly selected. The foundation of the project is buried under the frozen soil layer, and the surface stones are installed by way of hanging and pasting to reduce the frost heaving reaction.

为应对季节性水位变化考虑 Deal with seasonal water level changes

乌拉草沟河水源主要为冰雪融水和山体汇水，因此水位季节性变化明显，秋季经常枯竭，春夏多发洪水。设计上通过在河道中布置涌水坝和过水汀步的方式，提高常水位高度增加河道观赏性，并利用退层式的驳岸提高河道泄洪能力。人行动线上，则通过设计双层步道体系，满足水位变化下的慢行需求。

The water source of the Wulacaogou River is mainly meltwater of snow and ice and the catchment of mountains, so the water level changes seasonally, often drying up in autumn and flooding in spring and summer. In the design, the flood dam and water crossing steps are arranged in the river course to increase the constant water level height and improve the river view, while the flood discharge capacity of the river course is elevated by using the revetment. On the human traffic line, the double-layer footpath system is designed to meet the needs of slow walking under the change of water level.

04 治理成效 Management results

河道焕然一新，居民休闲好去处 The river takes on a new look, and residents have a good place to relax

改造后的乌拉草沟河焕然一新，不仅改善市容市貌，也提升了精致城市建设的品位，深得居民的喜爱，大大提高市民的生活舒适度和幸福感，也一度成为了遛娃散步、网红打卡之地。重要节庆期间，通化县还会组织抓泥鳅、放水灯、露天电影放映等活动，丰富居民的娱乐生活，激发周边商业活力。该项目的建成在提高河道自身水质净化功能的同时，将昔日只具有排洪功能的河道，变成了一条集休闲娱乐、自然生态、科普教育等功能为一体的通化市民的后花园。

After the renovation, the Wulacaogou River takes on a new look, which not only improves the appearance of the city, but also enhances the taste of exquisite urban construction. Deeply loved by residents, it greatly improves the comfort and happiness of citizens’ lives, and has once become a place for walking and playing with children and frequented by Internet celebrities. During important festivals, Tonghua County will also organize activities such as catching loach, releasing water lanterns, and launching outdoor movie screenings to enrich residents’ entertainment life and stimulate the vitality of surrounding businesses. The completion of the project not only improves the water purification function of the river itself, but also turns the river, which only had the function of flood drainage in the past, into a back garden of Tonghua citizens integrating the functions of recreation, natural ecology, science popularization and education.