“我们可以说，景观设计师的终生目标和工作就是帮助人类。使人，建筑物，社区，城市以及他们的生活，同生活的地球和谐相处。”

学生奖的第五集是通用设计荣誉奖

GROWING FUN (CTION) Delaware River Park Islands of Resilience

生长中的特拉华河公园景观与防护海平面上升

来自中国的景观设计师周军

这是他在宾夕法尼亚大学景观建筑系学习期间的设计作业。

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项目介绍

项目位于费城特拉华河沿岸，这条河是孕育美国第一个首都的两条水系之一。该项目的设计目标是为这片区域建造一个清晰干净强大的格局框架，找出解决海平面上升的途径，并试图利用这些发展对城市景观设计做出一些贡献。

项目叙述

特拉华河公园位于美国费城特拉华河畔，占地300英亩。它的建立使得当地居民和游客可以深入了解特拉华河与它的历史。现有的场地条件有废弃码头，垃圾填埋场，铁路和连接市中心的95号高速公路。拟议的计划是为整个社区，码头设施，游客中心，船舶下水滑道，生态公园等的总体设计规划。公园设计的重点在于特拉华河畔的里士满区域，最大程度的利用这片滨海区与附近的居民区联接在一起。同时，为新老住宅建筑的结合，这种新兴混合发展模式提供了无限的可能。河的沿岸将成为对公众开放的公园的同时，令人期待的还有恢复废弃的码头的使用。

公园总平面图的规划是基于水渗透系统和未来海平面上升这两个概念。使用水渗透系统，使城市水渗透到人工湿地和河流中的尝试实验，创造出一个减缓海平面上升的方法。

越来越多的岛屿的海平面上升的已经不是新现象了。许多城市如费城，鹿特丹，阿姆斯特丹，纽约与上海在将来都面临着这项威胁。然而，对于设计师来说最大的挑战是如何在满足功能与美学的同时使用正确有效的方法解决这个问题。这个公园将利用岛屿作为自然的缓冲带去控制和缓解海岸线的被侵蚀。收集岛屿沉淀物并逐渐使用这些土壤建造出越来越多新的岛屿。在海平面上升的同时，岛屿的沉淀物与混凝土会相应的自然生长。这种解决方法会慢慢的在沉积的混凝土块上形成湿地岛屿，经过多年后形成自然的海平面保护带。这种缓冲带结合了减缓海平面上升和城市渗透水系统的双重功能。重建码头与岛屿不仅仅是解决海平面上升的问题，更多的在于为附近的居民提供，创造了一个开放空间和滨水走廊。这些包含了许多极好的特点：创造了湿地，草地植被缓冲带，水道，沉积盆地和渗透盆地系统。

它将提供一个丰富的野生动物栖息地，极好的钓鱼场所，独木舟运动场地等各式各样结合功能与乐趣的丰富多彩的空间。

▲项目位于费城特拉华河沿岸，该项目的设计目标是为这片区域建造一个清晰干净强大的格局框架，找出解决海平面上升的途径，并试图利用这些发展对城市景观设计做出一些贡献。

▲水渗透系统，根据场地条件从废弃码头，垃圾填埋场，铁路和连接市中心的95号高速公路上收集水使城市水渗透到人工湿地和河流中.

▲问题与概念

▲拟议的计划是为整个社区，码头设施，游客中心，船舶下水滑道，生态公园等的总体设计规划。

▲公园设计的重点在于特拉华河畔的里士满区域，最大程度的利用这片滨海区与附近的居民区联接在一起。同时，为新老住宅建筑的结合，这种新兴混合发展模式提供了无限的可能。

▲平面

▲进程平面

▲剖面

▲剖面

▲生长的湿地：在海平面上升的同时，岛屿的沉淀物与混凝土会相应的自然生长。收集岛屿沉淀物并逐渐使用这些土壤建造出越来越多新的岛屿。

▲岛屿的景观意义：慢慢的在沉积的混凝土块上形成湿地岛屿，经过多年后形成自然的海平面保护带。

▲企划，分层：拟议的计划是为整个社区，码头设施，游客中心，船舶下水滑道，生态公园等的总体设计规划。

▲重建码头与岛屿不仅仅是解决海平面上升的问题，更多的在于为附近的居民提供，创造了一个开放空间和滨水走廊。

▲码头整修后的前后对比

▲海滨改造前后对比

GROWING FUN (CTION) Delaware River Park Islands of Resilience

Jun Zhou, Student, ASLA, Graduate, University of Pennsylvania

Project Statement

Site located along the banks of Delaware River, Philadelphia. As the one of the two waterways between which the first capital of the United States was founded. Project’s goal is to build the understanding of establishment of a clear, robust territorial framework vision for the entirety of the project area and find out the possible strategies to mitigate the sea level rise issue and trying to develop the ability to make effective contributions to urban design problems.

The Delaware River Park is located on a 300-acre site on the banks of the Delaware River, Philadelphia. It would create an experience that give residence and visitors a better understanding of the Delaware River and its history. Existing site condition include the abandoned piers, landfills, rail yards and I-95 Highways as the linkage for the center city.

Proposed scheme includes the overall plan for the entire community site and docking facility, visitor’s center, boat launching ramp, ecological park, and nature trails. The Park design focused on the Richmond portion of Delaware River, a vastly underutilized waterfront, along with its contiguous neighborhood, offers great potential for a new mixed-use development that will include a major residential development combining existing buildings and new construction. It would provide the open space and parkland along the river’s edge and the reuse of an historic piers is also anticipated.

The Park formulates a master plan based on the two concepts as the water infiltration system and the coming issue of sea level rise problem. Trying to layout this park as a test method to create a strategy for the mitigation approach of sea level rise same as the function of water infiltration system to gather urban storm water infiltrate to the constructed wetlands and into river.

Growing Islands and the Mitigation of Sea Level Rise Sea level rise is neither a new or recent phenomenon. Cities under such threat in the future days such as Philadelphia, Rotterdam, Amsterdam, New York, and Shanghai. However, the massive challenge for designers is how to use the effective ways to deal with that problem considered both functional and aesthetical. This park would use the islands to create a natural buffer for the mitigation of shoreline Erosion control approach. Connecting the groups of growing islands to gather the sediments and gradually pile up the soil to create the lands in future. While the sea level is raising and the islands with the sediment of soil and concrete would be naturally growing in correspondently. Such solution as the growing process of islands would as creating the wetlands islands on the concrete piers and gradually convert to the natural protection of sea level buffer after years. Such buffer would combine with the function of mitigating sea level rising but as the urban water infiltration system.

Reconstructed Pier combine with the islands would not only identify the strategy for sea level rise problem but more on providing the open spaces for the adjacent neighborhood and have the creation of a riparian corridor that incorporates many of the best features as: Created wetland,Grassed waterway,Vegetated buffer, Sedimentation basin and Infiltration basin system. It would offer a rich wildlife habitat, excellent fishing and a canoe launch and the various spaces for the communities with both Function and Fun.

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周军 Jun Zhou

zhoujun@design.upenn.edu

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