VAC是越南语中Vườn（花园）、Ao（池塘）和Chuồng（笼子）三个单词的缩写，这三个单词分别代表着农村地区综合生产系统的三个组成部分，即园艺、水产养殖和畜牧业。因此，VAC系统也就意味着有效地利用陆地、天空、水体和太阳能资源，同时也能有效地循环利用某些产品和废弃物。

VAC is the abbreviation of the Vietnamese words Vườn (Garden), Ao (Pond), Chuồng (Cage) – an integrated production systems in the rural areas comprising three components: horticulture, aquaculture & animal husbandry. VAC systems, therefore, effectively use all the available energy from land, air, water and solar energy resources, and also effectively recycled generating products and waste.

▼项目外观，exterior view

项目背景 | Context

在如今的越南河内地区，人们都倾向于在家里面创造一个小型的标志物，比如鱼塘之类的东西，它可以是几个小鱼缸，也可以是更高端也更加昂贵的锦鲤鱼池。

此外，城市中蔬菜污染的问题也促使市民们在家中种植新鲜蔬菜的愿望变得势在必行。如今，很多家庭虽然都已经开始在家中种菜了，但他们采用的几乎都是一些自发性种植方法和策略，并没有经过规划，更不要提什么建筑美感了。这些泡沫制的种植盆被居民们放置在家中、阳台的花园区域或者是屋顶露台的狭窄的空间内。

In present-day Hanoi, Vietnam, people tend to create small landmarks in their homes, including the placement of fish ponds, which may be small aquariums or Koi ponds with higher investment.

In addition, the situation of vegetable contaminants in the city also causes the desire to plant fresh vegetables right in resident homes became imperative. Nowadays, many families organize planting vegetable at home, however, mostly following to spontaneous methods, without a strategic planning or architectural aesthetics. These are vegetable foam boxes that are placed in a narrow space in the house, or in the garden area of the balcony and top terrace.

▼项目外观，由鱼塘、植物、木结构和装有太阳能板的屋顶构成，exterior view, the model consists of the fish pond, plants, wood frames and roof with solar panels

城市生态模型 | Urban VAC Model

建筑事务所Farming Architects正在重新设计VAC系统，以便将其应用在城市环境之中。该项目的目的不仅仅是高效地利用自然资源，更希望通过使用各类不同的动植物，在城市环境中进行一个备受欢迎的生态实验研究。

Farming Architects is re-designing the VAC system to be implemented in an urban area. The aim is not only to produce an effective use of natural resources but also favourite experimentation in using different types of plants and animals in urban environment.

▼项目外观，该城市生态模型旨在高效利用自然资源，同时进行一个生态研究，exterior view, the model aims to produce an effective use of natural resources and an ecological model

VAC城市生态模型的运作方式 | How does VAC-Library work?

VAC城市生态模型的核心特征是一种新型的复合耕作体系——养耕共生（Aquaponics），在这种体系下，它可以将传统的水产养殖系统（即养殖水生动物）和水耕系统（即在水中种植植物）结合在一起，从而打造一个共生的环境系统。

The core feature for the design of VAC is the Aquaponics, it is a system that combines conventional aquaculture (raising aquatic animals) with hydroponics (cultivating plants in water) in a symbiotic environment.

▼模型外观局部，打造一种新型的复合耕作体系，part of the exterior view, creating a system named Aquaponics

养耕共生体系使用来自鱼塘的循环水来为植物提供养分。亚硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐细菌会将水中的废弃物转移到植物的生长环境之中，为其提供一个肥沃的土壤。同时，水体也会被植物净化，从而通过循环系统重新供应给鱼塘。

Aquaponics uses circulating water from fish pond to provide nutrients to plants. Nitrite / nitrite bacterium will transfer the waste from the aquarium into a suitable nutrient-rich crop for plants. Water is also purified by plants and supplied to the aquarium.

▼模型局部，水体在鱼塘和植物之间循环，part of the model, water is circulated between fish pond and plants

该系统在设计时还充分考虑了节能方面的要求，使用可再生能源（如转化太阳能等），并通过让水遵循重力，尽可能地向下流动的方法来减少水泵的数量。除此之外，屋顶太阳能板所储存的能量也可以为照明和水泵提供电力。

The system is designed with energy conservation in mind, using renewable energy (by transferring solar energy) and a reduced number of pumps by letting the water flow downwards naturally as much as possible. Beside, electricity for lighting and pumps are also provided – saved from solar panels on roof.

▼模型局部，屋顶设计太阳能板储藏能量，part of the model with solar panels on roof

模型结构 | Structural Language

VAC城市生态模型使用木框架搭建而成。这种技术形式有助于创建灵活且具有高适应力的建筑结构。同时，它也是一种空间的组织方式，纵横交错的框架将完整的空间划分为各种不同的功能区域。

VAC Library uses a language deriving from the use wooden frames. This technical form helps to create a flexible and adaptable structure. This also works as spatial organization, division to be different function areas.

▼模型局部，使用木框架搭建而成，part of the model which uses a language deriving from the wooden frames

同时，VAC城市生态模型也是一个面向儿童开放的图书馆空间。该区域内和其他地方的孩子们可以在这里一起玩耍和阅读书籍，并置身于VAC系统结构之中，直观地了解这种生态模型。

The VAC Library is also geared towards an open library space for children. Children in the area and elsewhere can come here to play together, read books, and learn about this ecological model visually at the building.

▼模型内部，面向儿童开放的图书馆空间，interior view, the model is geared towards an open library space for children

▼模型内部，孩子们在此处玩耍和阅读，interior view, children can play together and read books here

由此，孩子们不仅可以知道锦鲤是一种观赏鱼，还可以了解到一个循环的生态系统：如何将锦鲤所产生的废弃物运送到蔬菜种植区、如何将水供给给蔬菜，以及如何将水体过滤并将其重新引回到鱼塘里。同时，该模型旁边还放置了鸡笼，养殖的鸡不仅可以下蛋，可以作为食材，它们的粪便也可以作为园艺土壤的肥料。

▼模型木结构细节，details of wood frames

The children will know that Koi fish is not only pets to watch, but also know how their waste will be carried on the vegetable planters, how the water is supplied to the vegetables and then filtered back to the pond. The chickens which are raised in that cage beside will lay eggs and serve for meals, their excrement is also good for gardening.

▼模型种植细节，plants details

▼模型动物养殖细节，animals details

▼项目夜景，night view

▼概念手绘，concept drawing

▼概念详解分析图，VAC Library schematic explanation

▼总平面图，master plan

▼剖面图，section

Project Name: VAC-LIBRARY Firm: Farming Architects Location: An Hung New Urban area, Duong Noi, Ha Dong, Hanoi Area: 55m2 Architecture Firm: Farming Architects Architect: Viet Dung An Status : Built in 2018 Photos: Thai Thach, Viet Dung An