Lighting in Healthcare

光与健康医疗

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Lighting plays a vital role in human health. As such, it is a major part of facility design for hospitals and healtcare facilities.

照明与人的健康息息相关，因此在医院及医疗场所的设计中应该被重视

Azlan Nazam (AN) who leads the team at Studio Illumine gives us an insight on how lighting impacts healthcare design and our health.

Azlan Nazam（聂泽蓝），一昱照明工作室创始人，为我们讲述照明如何影响医疗设计以及我们的健康。

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Lighting plays an important role in our health and well-being – how can this be incorporated in the designing of clinics, hospitals and healthcare facilities?

照明与我们的健康状况息息相关——我们该如何将这一理念带入诊所、医院和医疗设施的设计中去？

AN: For sure it does. Human beings, like all animals are very much connected to nature. We perceive what’s natural or normal based on what we see in nature. And as we spend more and more time indoors, whether that be in the office, schools, hospitals, etc, it’s vital that artificial lighting relect these elements of natural lighting in our built environment. Good lighting has a multitude of benefits, including; helping us to see well, perceiving colours in materials for what they really are, and allowing for us to work comfortably. Moreover, well designed lighting can help calm nerves and set a comfortable setting for nervous patients in hospitals or clinics.

聂泽蓝：是这样的。人类跟所有动物一样，与大自然紧密相连。我们认为自然或正常的，都是根据我们在自然中感知到的一切做出的判断。随着我们花在室内的时间越来越多，无论是在办公室、学校、医院，或者其他任何地方，人造照明能够模拟这些自然光的元素就显得尤为重要。好的照明有很多好处，比如：能让我们清楚的看，看清环境中本来的颜色，能让我们舒适的工作等等。而且，在医院或诊所中，好的照明设计有助于缓解患者紧张的情绪，并为他们提供一个舒适的环境。

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What are the important lighting design elements of a clinic/hospital? (color texture, light, windows, etc.)

对于一间诊所/医院来说，照明设计的关键因素都有哪些？（颜色纹理，光源，窗户等）

AN: Natural lighting is the best form of lighting. Its benefits to the human body are undeniable and it’s vital for places like the recovery rooms in hospitals, to have access to it. In areas where we can’t have natural lighting, we will then rely on artificial lighting that produces similar qualities. The use of lights with high colour rendering, low glare and good glare shielding are considered the basics. A good lighting design will need to consider the mood and function it brings to specific spaces. For example, it needs to portray a sense of calmness in waiting areas, produce sufficient lux levels on working tops, shadowless ambient light for nurse stations and be able to produce multiple lighting scenes for recovery rooms. We believe well designed lighting is always ‘unnoticed’ as it feels natural and fitted to the space it is in.

聂泽蓝：自然光是最好的照明形式。它对于人体的益处是不可否认的，对于医院的康复室这类场所，能够接触到自然光十分重要。对于那些我们无法获取自然光的区域，我们就需要通过人造光来模拟与自然光类似的照明品质。高显色性、低炫光并且有很好的炫光防护的光线是基本。好的照明设计需要考虑它带给特定空间的氛围和功能。例如，等候区需要让人安静的光线，工作台上方需要足够照度的光线，护士站需要无影氛围灯，诊疗室需要满足多种功能的照明场景。我们认为好的照明设计从来都不会被人“注意”到，它应该是自然而然的融入到空间中的。

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How does the evolution of LED technology and energy-efficient design affect the current “Lighting Design Trend” in healthcare design?

LED技术和节能设计的变革会如何影响现阶段医疗设计中的“照明设计趋势”？

AN: Recently, more and more healthcare facilities are using colour therapy as a form of recovery. As the colour of light is easily changeable, it is widely used to produce these colour effects. “Blues” have proven to be calming, “oranges” invigorate, and “yellows” can make you hungry! Aside from this, the light colour temperature in facilites where people tend to spend a long time, like the nurses’ stations or doctors’ offices, can be tuned from warm, to cool, and back to warm again. This tunable-white feature in lighting can be used to mimic the effects of natural daylight where the colour temperature changes over the course of a day making the overall effect feel natural to mitigate fatique. This is  especially important when one spends an entire day in an enclosed environment. Tuneable-white light can be used to enhance our alertness too; Cool colour temperatures energise our mind and can be used when we need to stretch our concentration and maintain alertness, which  could be useful to medical staff on night shifts who may require this boost.  On the flip side however, prolong exposure to cool lighting can lead to health issues. Warm colour temperatures relax the mind and prepare the body for rest. This is vital for the moments prior to sleeping. The balanced use of warm and cool temperature lighting in the correct time and setting, is important in a working environment.

聂泽蓝：最近，越来越多的医疗机构开始使用颜色疗法作为一种治疗手段。由于光的颜色很容易改变，它被广泛的用于营造这种颜色效果。“蓝色”容易让人平静，“橘色”能给人增添活力，而“黄色”容易让人饥饿！除此之外，那些人们会待的时间很长的空间，比如护士站或者医生办公室，灯光的调控可以由暖至冷，然后再变暖。照明中这种可调光的特点可以模拟自然光，色温随着一天时间变化而调整，当人们需要在一个封闭的空间里待上一整天时，这就显得尤为重要。可调光灯具也可以用来提升我们的专注度。偏冷的色温能让我们思维活跃，提升专注度并保持清醒，比如这对值夜班的医护人员会很有帮助。但同时，长时间的处于冷色温的光照中会引发健康问题。暖色温光线能让我们的头脑放松下来，有助于身体休息。这在睡前是很重要的。在工作环境中，冷暖色温的平衡使用是很重要的。

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All these effects above are easily possible with the use of LED technology. It plays a vital role in lighting, as well as being energy-efficient.

LED技术的应用可以很好的实现所有上面提到的这些效果。它对于照明很重要，并且也很节能。

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What are some common mistakes that hospitals and clinics make when designing their facilities, as people often feel very cold or uncomfortable in these types of settings?

医院和诊所在设计他们的空间时通常会犯哪些错误，人们在这些环境中常常会感到冰冷或不舒服？

AN: The common mistakes include: assuming there is only one setting for all spaces in all hospitals/clinics. The reality is, lighting, like furniture, furnishings and other interior componants, needs to cater to specific needs, at various times of use. On a functioning level, it is about achieving the correct amount and colour temperature of illumination. It should not cause glare. to ensure the visual comfort of occupants and it should be sustainable,  utalising minimal energy. On an emotive level, it’s about producing the correct ambience for the space. A working area needs illumination that promotes activity, however for spaces of rest, a much moodier and lower level is needed. This ensures it maintains the user’s comfort and blends well with the design and use of space. A reception space for example cannot be lit like an operation room and vice versa.

聂泽蓝：常见的错误包括：认为医院/诊所中所有空间只有一种设置。事实上，照明，就像家具、饰面和其他室内元素，需要在不同的场合，满足特定的需求。在功能层面，需要达到足够的照度和色温，避免眩光，确保使用者视觉上的舒适感，同时，照明设计还需要可持续，消耗最少的能源。在情感方面，照明需要为空间营造合适的氛围。办公空间需要能促进交流的照明，但休息区域则需要更柔和并且照度相对低的照明。这样既能保持用户舒适度，又能跟空间设计和使用很好的融合在一起。例如，一个接待空间的照明设计就不能跟手术室的一样，反之亦然。

Well designed lighting enhances and defines a space. It does not disrupt or compete. Good lighting not only affects the way we act and feel, but it can also seriously benefit our health.

好的照明设计能够增强并定义一个空间。它不会打扰使用者，也不会引人注意。好的照明不仅影响我们的行为和感受，也会在很大程度上助益我们的健康。

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