阿姆斯特丹佐格维利火葬场——创新设计引领行业趋势_文化中心_设计案例作品

发布时间：2016-10-03 02:00:00 {{ caseViews }} {{ caseCollects }}

设计亮点

将火葬场与墓地环境完美融合，打造具有仪式感与人性化的空间。

架构师提供的文本描述。位于阿姆斯特丹历史悠久的佐格维利公墓中的佐格维利火葬场去年春天开业。“火葬场”一词由火葬和猎户座(星座)组成，代表了一种新的火葬方式，允许哀悼者尽可能地将亲人的遗骸陪伴到火化炉。A组设计了创新的结构，从而促进了这一新的做法。

Text description provided by the architects. Zorgvlied Crematorion, situated in the historical Zorgvlied Cemetery in Amsterdam, opened last spring. The word Crematorion is composed of the words cremate and Orion (constellation), and represents a new approach to cremation allowing mourners to accompany the remains of their beloved ones as far as possible towards the cremation furnace. GROUP A has designed the innovative structure in such a way it facilitates this new approach.

火葬场的一个合适的休假方式是一座独立的建筑，里面有一个火化炉和处理室，与通常的礼堂分开。这种结构的设计是为了使人们的注意力集中在告别仪式上。它旨在唤起个人的参与，让每个参与者塑造它，并以他或她自己的方式赋予它意义。告别仪式可以在佐格维礼堂举行，也可以在其他地方举行-甚至在家里。在这个仪式之后，亲属们陪同他们亲爱的死者的遗骸，穿过佐格维利美丽的土地，来到火葬场。近亲可以选择是把棺材留在特殊的前厅里，还是自己进入炉子。炉口直接与外部连接。此外，与火葬场的常规服务不同，所有受邀者都可以在棺材进入火炉时在场。它允许不同的文化以自己的方式休假，采用他们认为最合适的仪式。

A Fitting Way of Leave-taking The Crematorion is a stand-alone building, housing a cremation furnace and processing room, separate from the usual auditorium. The structure is designed to focus the minds on the ritual of leave-taking. It is designed to evoke personal involvement, allowing each participant to shape it and give it meaning in his or her own particular way. The farewell ceremony may be held in the auditorium of Zorgvlied or elsewhere – even at home. After this ceremony, the relatives accompany the remains of their dear deceased loved one through the beautiful grounds of Zorgvlied to the Crematorion. The next of kin get to choose whether they want to leave the casket in the special forecourt, or whether they want to enter it into the furnace themselves. The furnaces opening is connected directly to the outside. Also, unlike a regular service at a crematorium, all invitees can be present at the moment the casket enters the furnace. It allows differing cultures the opportunity of taking leave in their own way, employing the rituals they consider most appropriate.

建筑与环境中的仪式-16米高的火化炉-被小心地镶嵌在墓地茂密的环境中，小路两侧的植被继续沿着外墙上升。火葬场有一个基座由石头和一个轻的，帐篷一样的上层建筑在上面，最后形成一个玻璃覆盖的开口。对比的材料象征着地球的沉重与天界和灵性的虚实之间的张力。顶部的开口是朝向太阳的，帐篷结构中的自转是由于阳光的入射与场地的方向不同而产生的。阳光从上方进入前厅，在那里照亮了玻璃马赛克墙。这堵墙还把前厅和火葬场的技术区域隔开了。

Ritual in Architecture and Environment The 16-metre high Crematorion is carefully embedded in the leafy surroundings of the cemetery and the vegetation on both sides of the path continues rising along the walls of the exterior. The Crematorion has a base made of stone and a light, tent-like superstructure over it, ending into a glass covered opening. The contrasting materials symbolise the tension between the heaviness of the earth and the insubstantiality of the heavenly and spiritual. The opening in the top is oriented to the sun and the rotation in the tent-structure stems from the difference between the incidence of sunlight and the direction of the site. Daylight comes from above into the forecourt, where it illuminates the glass mosaic wall. This wall also separates the forecourt from the technical area of the Crematorion.

最后的旅程-独特的展馆-是一座友好和可辨认的建筑，它微妙地暗示着比地球更高的东西。在A组的设计中，穿过历史墓地的路线-死者及其近亲从礼堂到火葬场的旅程-起着重要的作用。设计的垂直性强化了逝者精神的观念，升入了想象中的星星。它有助于把这最后的旅程变成一种有意义的仪式。

The Final Journey The distinctive pavilion is a friendly and recognizable building, with its subtle hints of something higher than the earthly sphere. In GROUP A's design, the routing through the historic Cemetery - the journey of the deceased and the next of kin, from the auditorium to the Crematorion - plays an important role. The verticality of the design reinforces the idea of the spirit of the departed, rising to the imaginary stars. It helps to turn this final journey into a meaningful ritual.