克拉斯诺达尔体育场和今年其他几座新建成的世界杯体育场一样在俄罗斯国内外备受瞩目。体育场由gmp· 冯·格康，玛格及合伙人建筑师事务所执笔设计，在整个建设周期内，建筑师与业主始终保持对话，完成了从城市规划出发到建筑、景观和细部的一体化设计。建成后的足球场符合UEFA欧洲足联标准，为观众提供了独一无二的观赛体验：体育场外型如同现代体育场建筑的原型——古希腊圆形剧场，而其世界首创的360度环绕显示屏则营造出全新的多媒体观赛体验。
Besides the venues for this year’s World Cup, Krasnodar Stadium is one of the newest stadium buildings in Russia. In dialogue with the client, gmp ∙ Architects von Gerkan, Marg and Partners have developed the build- ing from the urban design aspects through to the last detail, throughout the design and construction period. The result is a high-quality football arena to UEFA guidelines that provides a unique experience to spectators: whereas from the outside there is a reference to the amphitheater of antiquity as the generic type of venue for all modern stadiums, on the inside the world’s first 360 degree screen of its kind offers new opportunities for media display.
▼南侧立面，south facade © Marcus Bredt
▼体育公园内视角，View from park towards the stadium © Marcus Bredt
这座为俄罗斯甲级联赛FK克拉斯诺达尔队设计的足球场可容纳33000名观众，遵照UEFA欧洲足联标准设计。克拉斯诺达尔是俄罗斯南疆城市，体育场地块位于城市东北，体育场坐落于一座稍稍被抬高的平台之上，与俱乐部足球学院相连，体育公园围绕于其周围。体育场外型为令人印象深刻的古典三段式结构，如同现代体育场建筑的原型——古希腊圆形剧场，富有韵律感的希腊柱廊由几乎洁白的罗马石灰华建造。体育场的屋面为一座轻质环结构缆索屋面。两层屋面膜结构采用PTFE涂层玻璃纤维膜，刻画了体育场屋顶的形象，屋面功能设备区域内安装有泛光灯和观众席暖气设备。
The stadium of FC Krasnodar, a football club in Russia’s top league, has been designed as a pure football sta- dium for 33,000 spectators. Located to the northeast of this southern Russian city, the stadium stands on a plinth next to the club’s football academy in a generous park landscape that has also been designed by gmp. With its classical division of the elevation into three parts, the external appearance of the building makes clear reference to the generic style of the original amphitheater of ancient times, featuring fluted pilasters of almost white Roman travertine arranged in a regular pattern. By contrast, the roof over the grandstands has been designed as a lightweight ring cable structure. Its two-layer covering membrane consists of PTFE-coated glass-fiber mesh, creating a three-dimensional roof shape that integrates technical services such as flood- lighting, and heating for the spectator stands.
▼基座上观望柱廊，View from plinth on the facade © Marcus Bredt
▼立面细节，Detail facade © Marcus Bredt
▼柱廊内部，Circumferential colonnade © Marcus Bredt
▼从柱廊内观望城市，View from the colonnade over the city © Marcus Bredt
顶层观众席后方设有一座环形巨幕，由LED模块组成，与体育场的弧型曲线相吻合，屏幕底部椭圆弧线与观众席顶部线条重合。这座4700m2的巨大高清显示屏采用了革命性技术，将赛事每个精彩的瞬间细节都清晰 的展示在观众面前。
The area behind the top tier is fully equipped with LED modules all around. Their wave-like curved contour results from the geometry of the stadium, the basic oval shape of which intersects with the grandstands fac- ing the rectangular pitch. This 4,700 m2 high-resolution video screen enables a new quality of medial presen- tation of the football events, from the players’ arrival on the pitch to goal celebrations and the final whistle.
▼360度环绕显示屏，Diagramm 360 Grad-LED-Screen © gmp Architekten
▼体育场看台，View of the grandstand © Marcus Bredt
▼360度环绕显示屏，Detail 360 degree LED screen © Marcus Bredt
设计方案将理性主义和结构建构合而为一，轻质高效屋面结构与碗状看台的组合形成富有张力的对话，同时先进创新的媒体技术可为足球场营造热烈的赛事氛围。克拉斯诺达尔足球场同时将成为城市富有活力的公共空间。
In this way, the design combines the rationality of the construction and tectonics in a unique way: the result is an exciting contrast between the lightweight and highly efficient roof structure and the archetypal form of the bowl and facade, creating the charged atmosphere of a football arena with the help of this state-of- the-art media technology. In addition, the venue has created a lively public place that is attractive far beyond the city of Krasnodar.
▼赛场内部，View into the stadium interior © Marcus Bredt
自2014年起，gmp参与了2018年俄罗斯世界杯12座体育场中3座的设计。其中下诺夫哥罗德、伏尔加格勒 和萨马拉三座体育场由gmp完成方案设计，由俄罗斯方面独立建成，结构方面与原设计略有出入。建成后的萨 马拉体育场规模、构造和空间效果在gmp原始设计基础上做了彻底的改变。而三座体育场看台几何构成均尊重了gmp的初始设计。
For the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia, up until 2014 gmp was involved in three of the twelve stadium projects. In Nizhny Novgorod and Volgograd, gmp’s design was adapted by the Russian partners and imple- mented independently with certain deviations, in particular in the building construction. In Samara, the stadium building was fundamentally altered in terms of size, construction, and spatial effect compared to gmp’s original design. However, gmp’s design for the geometry of the grandstand bowls was implemented unchanged in all three projects.
▼南侧立面夜景，South facade at night © Marcus Bredt © Marcus Bredt
▼西侧立面夜景，West facade at night © Marcus Bredt
▼总平面图，Site plan © gmp Architekten
▼二层平面，Floor plan level 02 © gmp Architekten
▼六层平面，Floor plan level 06 © gmp Architekten
▼纵向剖面，Longitudinal section © gmp Architekten
设计:福尔克温·玛格和胡伯特·尼恩霍夫以及Igor Markov和Sergej Galitsky 项目落地:JSC SPeeCH, 莫斯科 竞赛阶段项目负责人:Igor Markov 屋面设计负责人:马丁·格拉斯 屋面结构设计:schlaich bergermann partner,斯图加特 幕墙和看台结构设计:Esta Construction Co LTD, 克拉斯诺达尔 合作设计机构:Esta Construction Co LTD 总承包商:Esta Construction Co LTD 照明设计:Conceptlicht; Esta Construction Co LTD; Philips, 汉堡 多媒体设计:Alpha Led Manchester; Edelweiß Audio Ltd Moskau; Esta Construcion Ltd. 道路指示设计:Wegeleitsystem Art. Lebedev Studio,莫斯科 业主:Investstroj 座席数:33000 建设周期:2013-2016
Design Volkwin Marg and Hubert Nienhoff with Igor Markov and Sergej Galitsky Russian adaptation JSC SPeeCH, Moscow Project leader execution Igor Markov Project leader roof Martin Glass Structural concept and design – roof schlaich bergermann partner sbp gmbh, Stuttgart Structural concept and design – facade and bowl Esta Construction Co LTD, Krasnodar In cooperation with Esta Construction Co LTD General contractor Esta Construction Co LTD Lightning design Conceptlicht, Traunreut; Esta Construction Co LTD; Philips, Hamburg Media technics Alpha Led Manchester; Edelweiß Audio Ltd, Moscow; Esta Construction LTD Way-finding system Art. Lebedev Studio, Moscow Client Investstroy Seats 33,000 Construction period 2013-2016
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