Japan housing

设计方：Tomohiro Hata Architect and Associates

位置：日本

分类：居住建筑

内容：实景照片

图片来源：Toshiyuki Yano

项目规模：278平方米

图片：19张

摄影师：Toshiyuki Yano

该住房是为一对50多岁的夫妇和他们的儿子建造的，儿子开了一家牙科诊所。客户和建筑师说，住房的形式可以改变，可建成二联式的房子，带有儿童房，还能租出去。既然住房的风格可以改变，建筑师就建造了这栋未来住房，比较现代化。住房的重建工作需要添加新的设施，改变原来的格局。建筑师按照住户的标准进行建造，在现有的基础上进行重建。

在建筑语言中，把支柱作为地基。自古以来，建造日本住宅时，使用的建筑语言会有特定的含义。比如说，“Tokonoma ”指的就是日式风格的休息室，添加了比较隐蔽的设计。房子的支柱设计就比较隐蔽，把房子划分成不同的区间，地上都铺有榻榻米垫子。

当代建筑的主流思想就是淡化住房的意义，不看重建筑语言如何转化成抽象语言。然而，建筑师还是比较注重这一点，看重住房的意义。房子的支柱就是建造的基础，共有三个柱子， 像是希腊神话中以肩顶天的阿特拉斯神一样，支撑的房子，内部还有个诊所。

这三个主要支柱为木质结构，承重的负荷小，连接着周围的墙壁。每次有人入住时，都会把房子进行翻新、重建。卧室可以移动，从而改变了起居室的格局。房子的起居室就可作为牙科诊所的候诊室，同时，诊所也可改造成儿童的卧室或是活动室。如果改变现有的居住格局和诊所设计，那么每个空间的比例也会发生变化，改变了工作区和居住区的结构。建造时，房子的支柱是主体结构，也是核心部分。

译者： Odette

From the architect. The state of future architecture which presupposes the chain of housing removal. The plan of residence for a couple in their 50s and dental clinic for his son. Client told us that there is a possibility of change in housing form as a house of the pro-household and a doctor’s office of their son in the first stage. Then it is possible that the housing form change to duplex house with a pro-household and the child household, A house and doctor’s office of the child household, A house and rental house of the child household and the share house which assumes the whole of the house.

Thinking of the architecture which accept a change in the style of living like this way, We started from the idea which future architecture should be planned on the assumption that there is a possibility of the chain of housing removal in modern times when working of people itself change rapidly.

“The basis” of the space reconstruct the workings of people each time. It is easily thinkable to design a plan with some facilities which can accept the change assumed in various ways. However, there is a possibility which the facilities themselves can be invalidated by own existence against an unexpected change instantly. Then we decided to stop “designing a plan which can accept a expected change”. We became aware of a possibility of a method which produce the basis and standard for those who live and utilize the space each time it happens. Since the basis exists in the space, people can reconstruct their own lives by using the basis as a standard.

Architectural language called main pillar as “the basis” of the space. The architectural language with special meaning have been used for Japanese residence since ancient times. For example, Tokonoma referring to a built-in recessed space in a Japanese style reception room, which highlights invisible planning describing as the upper and lower seat by its resence beyond the ability to decorate things. The meaning of main pillar is interesting in the point. The main pillar emerges an invisible planning beyond the structural function generally as the metaphor representing the head of a family, sometimes representing the boundaries between an earth floor and a room floored with tatami mats, and also symbolizing the center of a house with having invisible plan emerge the direction around the pillar.

It exists as the basis and standard that resident constitutes the space. In our opinion, a main stream in contemporary architecture is an example which bleaches “the meaning” from such architectural language and retranslated to abstract language. However we would like to think of the possibility of the basis and standard composing the space with believing in the power of the “meaning”. Architecture which “The empty main pillars” become “the basis” in terms of the composition of the space. This architecture is set up by three main pillars. The main pillars are so called ” The empty main pillars” leading to the sky” with being full of “emptiness” without supporting load. It is “Atlas” supporting the sky. Based on “The empty main pillars”, classification and arrangement of residence as well as a medical office and rooms are planned as surroundingthem with following its power.

Just as tracing invisible planning emerged by the main pillars. By the walls heading to the main pillars radically, the three main pillars become “The empty main pillars” which fill up with the emptiness with disentangling themselves from physical load and yet with being a wooden architecture.Architecture reconstructing the space each time it happens. The meaning of the rooms in this architecture is an assumption to the last. Actually it intends to be chosen and reconstructed each time by the people who live in the space. Seasonally living room also can be changed by moving their bedroom.

Possibly a waiting room of the dental clinic can be living room for a duplex house or a share house, also the dental clinic can be changed to a child’s private room or bedroom. If the border between current residence and the dental clinic change, proportional distribution can be changed continually. When the form of such living and working change, “The empty main pillars” is the basis and standard. It is the relationship with the basis. We planned this architecture which “The basis” keep supporting the sky as the standard of people reconstructing the space each time it happens.

日本大阪住宅外观图

日本大阪住宅外部图

日本大阪住宅内部局部图

日本大阪住宅

日本大阪住宅图解