China's new urban farm

分类：公共环境

内容：实景照片

图片来源：foreign policy

图片：8张

2011年是中国现代历史上具有标志性的重要一年，在这一年，绝大多数生活在农村的人口大规模的向城市扩张，这一现象并不足为奇，因为很多发达国家都经历过这一过程，但是你要知道，中国占世界总人口的20%，而只有占世界10%左右的耕地来养活这20%的人口，而且这10%左右的耕地，大部分也已经被污染了，所以这样算来，一个潜在的威胁就这样实实在在的摆在了中国人面前。如果中国的农民由于拆迁和个人选择都离开了农村，那么谁将维持中国所特有的农耕文化，并耕种出可供超过十亿人食用的粮食呢？

幸运的是，中国的农业文化传统十分深厚，他们既能建造出高大的建筑，也能从传统农业中另辟蹊径，发展全新的城市农业。所谓城市农业，就是沿着城市周围建立起来的农业生产活动。事实上，这样的农业方式更加高效，在中国大多数大型城市，都有属于自己的农业种植基地，这些农业基地的产品都被10公里内的人们消费掉了，此项数据来自于世界自然基金会。以上海为例，政府具有非常完备的社会管理系统，不仅粮食生产更加高效，同时更注重废物管理和回收，以及清洁能源转化和使用。在20世纪末，上海生产的全部鸡肉、鸡蛋、牛奶和80%的蔬菜和新鲜淡水鱼，以及50的猪肉都在城市管控下的绿色种植基地完成，各类生产的总面积接近300000公顷，这便是融入城市生活的高效农业。

译者：蝈蝈

2011 marked a paramount year in modern chinese history- the year that the majority of the population went from inhabiting rural farmland to living in urban sprawl. it doesn’t seem like a particular accomplishment considering that numerous countries have already reached this milestone, but when you consider that china contains 20% of the world’s population and only 10% of its arable land available to feed this population (a large percentage of that already deemed too polluted), the scale of a potential catastrophe suddenly casts a long and seemingly endless shadow on the topic. if china’s farmers are leaving the countryside- due to both eviction and personal choice- then who is to cultivate all the food for a traditionally self-sustaining culture with over a billion mouths to feed?

luckily, it is a culture whose roots of agricultural ingenuity stretch as deep as their buildings do high. urban farming has been developed alongside the growth of its cities. it was so efficient in fact, that many of china’s largest cities almost exclusively sustained themselves with local produce- most was sold within 10km of the farm, and within a day of its cultivation, explains the wwf. in shanghai particularly, the government refined a very effective system for not only food production but waste management as well, recycling biomass into usable clean energy. in the late 20th century, shanghai produced ‘nearly 100% of chicken, eggs and milk, 80% of vegetables and freshwater fishes, and 50% of pork’ in a 300,000 hectare city-managed green ring integrated into the city- a cyclical and veritable urban farm.

中国新城市农场外部实景图

中国新城市农场效果图

中国新城市农场位置图