51N4E:斯堪德贝格广场的改造项目是我们在 2008 年赢得的国际建筑竞赛的成果。该竞赛的方案是与阿尔巴尼亚艺术家安里·萨拉 (Anri Sala) 合作构思的，以一种简单而激进的方式重组一个巨大的前共产主义空间 — 地拉那的中央广场。在一个复杂和密集的城市环境中，该项目提供了一个宽敞的步行区，它既是阿尔巴尼亚首都的核心，也是整个国家的象征。

51N4E: This project for the restructuring of Skanderbeg Square is the result of an international architecture competition won by 51N4E in 2008. The competition’s proposal, conceived in collaboration with Albanian artist Anri Sala, reorganizes Tirana’s central square, a vast ex-communist space, in a simple yet radical way. In a complex and dense urban context, on this site that is both the core of the Albanian capital city and a symbol for the whole country, the project installs a generous pedestrian area.

▼广场改造前 Before transformation

▼广场改造后 After transformation

▼广场平面 Square plan

▼广场马赛克铺装 Square mosaic

广场在混乱的城市中呈现出的空间，由一个外围密集环绕种植的扁平金字塔和一系列新旧公共空间和花园组成。由此形成的绿化带就像一个前厅，在拥挤的城市和广场之间进行过渡，共产主义建筑带来的压抑感也被构成广场的巨大而低矮的金字塔所抵消：当人们站在金字塔顶端时，会发现自己与过去的威权主义建筑旗鼓相当。他们可以思考那些定义阿尔巴尼亚历史的建筑，突然间打开了新阅读方式的大门，并将它们视为一段可以建立在其之上的历史。

The square presents itself as a void in the chaos of the city, a flat pyramid lined by a densely planted periphery, formed by a collection of old and new public spaces and gardens. The resulting green belt acts as an antechamber negotiating the transition between the congested city and the square. The oppressive monumentality of Communist architecture is counteracted by the ample and low pyramid making up the square: when standing at its tip, the citizens find themselves at par with the authoritarian architecture of the past. They can contemplate the buildings defining Albania’s past, suddenly opened up to new ways of reading, and embrace them as a history on which to build on.

该项目工程于 2010 年开工后，随着管理的变更，项目的实施突然中止。后来，2015 年底的新选举重启了该项目。城市环境的演变以及对耐久性的重新评估为广场更新提供了一个机会，在保持本质概念不变的同时，对提案进行细化。该项目的景观经过重新研究后，转变为当地的一个生态系统，期待为城市创造一个新的城市生态。我们选择当地植物物种是为了通过对气候变化做出反应来增强系统的自然抵抗力。树木、灌木和多年生植物相结合，促进城市生物多样性，控制城市中心的小气候。阿尔巴尼亚丰富多样的自然物种和品种因此被赋予了价值，也让公共空间承担了娱乐和教育功能。

After the start of the works in 2010, and following a change in administration, the implementation of the project was abruptly halted. Yet a new election relaunched the project end of 2015. The evolution of the urban context as well as a reevaluation of the ambitions of durability offered an opportunity to refine the proposal while keeping the concept’s essence intact. The project’s landscaping was studied anew, and turned into a local ecosystem anticipating the creation of a new urban ecology for the city. Local species were chosen to increase the system’s natural resistance by reacting to ongoing climate change. Trees, shrubs and perennials were combined to foster urban biodiversity and control the city center’s microclimate. Albania’s nature’s richness in diverse species and varieties is thus valorized, allowing public space to assume bot recreational and educative functions.

植物平面 Skanderbeg tree plan

广场周围的绿化带由 12 个花园组成，每个花园都与广场上一个或多个公共或私人机构相连。工作过程中，我们与项目的所有主要参与者进行了对话，研究了这些花园的空间组织及其技术方面，最后建立了一系列情境化的干预，将公共和半公共的邻近功能扩展到外部空间。

The green belt around the square is made up of 12 gardens, each of them linked to one or more of the public or private institutions lining the square. The spatial organization of these gardens, as well as their technical aspects, were studied in dialogue with all the main actors of the project over the course of several workshops. The result is a set of contextualized interventions, inviting public and semi-public neighboring functions to spread into the exterior space.

在重新改造项目时，我们特别关注了流动性问题以及在广场的直接和更广泛背景下的投资，比如，与城市的移动服务合作开发的地下停车场，拥有多种功能，同样，行人和自行车也与公共交通网络建立了联系。最后，出于后勤和象征的原因，我们首选当地材料，这也使得当地采石场被重新启用，并使该项目在这一层面上也成为了阿尔巴尼亚丰富环境的启示者，并刺激了当地生产。

In the frame of the readjustment of the project, specific attention was given to mobility questions and investments in the immediate and broader context of the square. An underground Parking garage, able to host multiple functions, was developed in collaboration with the city’s mobility services. Similarly, pedestrian and bicycle connections and links to the public transportation network were established. Finally, local materials were preferred, both for logistic and symbolic reasons, which led to the reactivation of local stone quarries and turned the project also on this level into a revelator of the richness of the Albanian context and a stimulation of its production capacity.

▼广场喷泉系统 Fountain system

▼广场喷泉出水点 Fountain water

博物馆楼梯 Museum stairs M-1

▼剖面图 Sections

项目地点：阿尔巴尼亚地拉那

客户：地拉那市

第一阶段建设时间：2017 年

项目：公共空间及文化设施

建设面积：97344 m²

建设成本 (不含增值税)：13000.000 欧元

51N4E 任务：全程

竞赛时间：2008 年

51N4E 参与团队：Johan Anrys, Freek Persyn, Peter Swinnen, Ulrike Franzel, Valbona Koçi, Griet Kuppens, Tom Baelus, Marc-Achille Filhol, Philippe Nathan, Emmanuel Debroise

合作：Anri Sala

执行时间：2015 年

51N4E 团队：Johan Anrys, Freek Persyn, Sotiria Kornaropoulou, Alice Babini, Guillem Pons, Charlotte Schmidt, Martin Pujol, Jolein Bergers, Guillaume Boulanger

iRI 团队：Gent Agolli, Guust Selhorst, Ajmona Hoxha, Ardian Rapo, Olsi Pere, Xhorxh Shkurti

Plant en Houtgoed 团队：Nicolas Vandenplas, Pieter Hollants, Jeroen Deseyn, Vincent Luscomb

建筑承包商：Fusha，AL

面料：Chevalier Masson

喷泉：Aquafontal, BE; Gatic, BE

照明：Atelier Jeol, FR

结构：Gentian Lipe, AL

图片来源：51N4E & Sannah Belzer

项目面积：97.344 m²

建筑面积：90.509 m²

广场面积：23.993 m²

瓷砖数量：129.600

花园面积：64.815 m²

硬化面积：36.540 m²/ 56%

绿化：18.456 m²/ 28%

砾石：9.819 m²/ 16%

地下停车场面积：9.248 m²

停车位：300 位

设备

固定座位：1230 个

可移动座位：250 个

流水喷泉：100 台

喷射喷泉：30 个

饮水机：7 台

公厕：22 个

Location: Tirana, AL Client: City of Tirana

Completion phase I: 2017

Programme: public space & cultural facilities

Built surface: 97.344 m²

Construction cost (excl VAT): 13.000.000 €

51N4E tasks: full process

Competition 2008 Team 51N4E: Johan Anrys, Freek Persyn, Peter Swinnen, Ulrike Franzel, Valbona Koçi, Griet Kuppens, Tom Baelus, Marc-Achille Filhol, Philippe Nathan, Emmanuel Debroise In collaboration with: Anri Sala

Execution design 2015 Team 51N4E: Johan Anrys, Freek Persyn, Sotiria Kornaropoulou, Alice Babini, Guillem Pons, Charlotte Schmidt, Martin Pujol, Jolein Bergers, Guillaume Boulanger Team iRI: Gent Agolli, Guust Selhorst, Ajmona Hoxha, Ardian Rapo, Olsi Pere, Xhorxh Shkurti Team Plant en Houtgoed: Nicolas Vandenplas, Pieter Hollants, Jeroen Deseyn, Vincent Luscomb

Building Contractor: Fusha, AL

Fabric: Chevalier Masson, BE

Fountains: Aquafontal, BE; Gatic, BE

Lighting: Atelier Jeol, FR

Structure: Gentian Lipe, AL

Image credits: 51N4E & Sannah Belzer

Project area: 97.344 m²

Built area: 90.509 m²

Square: 23.993 m²

Amount of tiles: 129.600

Gardens: 64.815 m²Hardscape: 36.540 m² / 56%Green: 18.456 m² / 28%

Compact Gravel: 9.819 m² / 16%

Underground Parking area: 9.248 m²

Parking spots: 300Equipment

Fixed seating: 1.230 units

Movable seating: 250 units

Water fountains: 100 units

Jet fountains: 30 units

Drinking fountains: 7 units

Public Toilets: 22 units