当代办公空间浅述

Modern office space design research

现代办公空间概况        

Overview ofmodern office space

现如今人们长期徘徊于学习、工作和家庭之间，数据研究表明，员工在办公空间工作时间高达 70%，所以现在办公空间设计的宗旨也是为办公人员创造良好的室内空间环境，将员工在室内进行工作、生产、生活、休息等方面的需求列于设计首位，在设计过程中要充分关注空间功能需求设计，令办公空间室内设计满足舒适、合理以及科学的设计要求，在设计过程中还要根据办公人员的日常活动规律对办公空间关系进行合理处理，科学规划空间比例和办公空间尺寸。

空间中的家具配置也是重要的设计元素，此外，办公室内空间要注重通风设计、照明设计和采光设计，材质、室内色调的搭配也要强调整体性。

办公室内空间设计要根据工作形式和周边环境来明确设计走向和设计方式，设计方案要满足人们的工作需求，方便办公人员的沟通、协作，能够显著提升其工作效率并缓解日常工作疲劳。

Nowadays, people have been wandering between study,work and family for a long time. Data research shows that employees work up to70% of their working hours in office space. Therefore, the purpose of officespace design is to create a good indoor space environment for office workers,and put employees' needs for work, production, life and rest in the firstplace, In the design process, we should pay full attention to the design ofspace functional requirements to make the interior design of office space meetthe comfortable, reasonable and scientific design requirements. In the designprocess, we should reasonably deal with the relationship of office spaceaccording to the law of daily activities of office personnel, andscientifically plan the space proportion and size of office space. Thefurniture configuration in the space is also an important design element. Inaddition, the space in the office should pay attention to ventilation design,lighting design and daylighting design, and the collocation of material andindoor color should also emphasize integrity. The space design in the officeshall clarify the design trend and design method according to the work form andsurrounding environment. The design scheme shall meet people's work needs,facilitate the communication and cooperation of office personnel, significantlyimprove their work efficiency and alleviate daily work fatigue.

办公空间室内设计原则

Interiordesign principles of office space

 办公室空间设计目标及要求现代办公室室内设计，设计师都有如下三个层次目标和五项基本要求：第一层次目标是经济实用，即最高性价比；第二层次是美观大方；第三层次是独具品味风格。五项基本要求，一是符合企业实际，二是符合行业特点，三是符合使用要求，四是符合工作性质，五是符合经典审美。

Office space design objectives andrequirements for modern office interior design, designers have the followingthree-level objectives and five basic requirements: the first level objectiveis economic and practical, that is, the highest cost performance; The secondlevel is beautiful and generous; The third level is unique taste and style.There are five basic requirements: one is in line with the actual situation ofthe enterprise, the other is in line with the characteristics of the industry,the third is in line with the use requirements, the fourth is in line with thenature of the work, and the fifth is in line with the classic aesthetics.

办公空间设计要点分析

Analysis on key points of office space design

注重办公空间温湿度控

制

Pay attention to the temperature and humiditycontrol of office space

办公空间室内设计过程中，空间的温湿度控制不容忽视，设计人员应根据地区和季节气候完善空间的通风设计、空调设计等，保证办公人员所处办公空间的舒适度。

In the process of interior design of office space, thetemperature and humidity control of the space can not be ignored. The designershould improve the ventilation design and air conditioning design of the spaceaccording to the regional and seasonal climate to ensure the comfort of theoffice space where the office staff are located.

噪声控制       

noise control

对于办公空间来说，噪声的防控设计是非常重要的。办公空间室内的噪声来源相对来说比较广泛，其中分成两种，一种为外部噪声，一种为内部噪声，内部噪声又可细分成为工作人员活动噪声及办公设备噪声等。设计人员在设计过程中，对于外部噪声等防控可设置外围隔音结构，或者增添室外绿化设计，以达到降噪的目的。对于内部噪声，设计人员可以通过功能布局和平面结构分区设计，对工作人员的工作流线进行规划，尽量减少设备和人员的噪声干扰。与此同时，为了降低噪声，设计人员还需重视办公室内地面材料的选择，选择具有吸声功能的材料为最佳。

For office space, noise prevention and control designis very important. The sources of indoor noise in office space are relativelywide, which can be divided into two types: one is external noise and the otheris internal noise. The internal noise can be subdivided into staff activitynoise and office equipment noise. During the design process, designers can setup external sound insulation structure for external noise prevention andcontrol, or add outdoor greening design to achieve the purpose of noisereduction. For internal noise, designers can plan the work flow line of staffthrough functional layout and plane structure zoning design to minimize the noiseinterference of equipment and personnel. At the same time, in order to reducenoise, designers also need to pay attention to the selection of floor materialsin the office, and choose the materials with sound absorption function as thebest.

办公空间中色彩的设计

Color design in office space

办公空间中色彩的设计原则

Design principles ofcolor in office space

在设计办公空间的色彩时，除了要考虑其功能性以外，还要考虑人们在办公空间长时间的工作中色彩对办公人员心理、生理的影响，并且还要充分利用色彩设计的美学原则，合理、有效地完成办公空间中的色彩设计工作。办公空间中色彩设计遵循的基本原则有以下几条。一是充分运用形式美法则中变化与统一的原则，根据办公空间不同的使用功能，进行色彩设计时应有所区别。二是充分运用形式美法则中调和与对比的原则，根据办公空间的规模、文化、类型的不同，对办公环境的色彩设计时应进行相应的增加和降低纯度处理。在色彩上的调和可以使空间产生一种秩序感，使空间有条理，彼此之间相互联系、密切结合。而在色彩上的对比，可以使空间在调和的基础之上富有变化，从而激发办公人员的创新能力，提高办公效率。三是遵循办公空间设计中功能性和舒适性原则，根据每个办公空间的方位、朝向、楼层、所受自然光照不同，对办公环境的色彩设计时应和自然光、灯光相结合做适当的调整。同时，在空间中还可以利用光的反射进行烘托，从而达到环保、节能的功效。四是遵循办公空间设计中的开放性原则，根据办公空间使用人群的不同，对办公环境的色彩设计时应尽量考虑到不同人的需求。领导与员工在需求上是不同的，领导办公室偏重于沉稳大方且具有文化气息和一定的威严感，普通员工则偏重于舒适、简洁、亲和。五是遵循办公空间设计中的美观性原则，根据人在办公空间中的活动以及使用时间不同，对办公环境的色彩设计应有针对性。色彩是空间最有效的调控剂，所以在设计时可使用对比色来强调空间中想要表现的重点区域。

办公空间的色彩搭配及家具的选择

Color matching of office space and selection of furniture

办公空间

的色彩搭配及家具的选择配置也会影响到办公空间的整体环境和观感，工作人员需要与办公家具长期接触，因此设计人

员在设计过程中要

选择符合人体工程需求和质量标准的家具类型，此外，办公家具在满足办公需求的基础之上，还要与室内设计风格保持统一，同时满足办公人员的身心需求，对于办公室内的色彩搭配设计，设计人员不应大面积应用

高对比度的色彩，多数应以淡雅朴素为主，局部位置可以使用色彩相对鲜明的搭配，以起到活跃气氛、对治视觉单调的目的。

色彩是一个与时俱进的话题，想要充分挖掘色彩的内涵，就要充分了解时代潮流与人们的心理，而办公空间作为当代人主要的活动场所中的一环，其色彩的合理应用对于员工工作情绪的调节、效率的提升以及企业文化的体现有着不可忽视的作用。

通过分析影响办公空间色彩设计的因素，对怎样有效地解决以上问题进行了阐述，因此设计师要发挥色彩在空间设计中的协调作用，使设计能够真正地满足新时代发展下人们所追求的物质、精神方面的双重需求。

Color is a topic that keeps pace with the times. Ifyou want to fully explore the connotation of color, you should fully understandthe trend of the times and people's psychology. As a part of the main activityplace of contemporary people, the rational application of color plays animportant role in the regulation of employees' working mood, the improvement ofefficiency and the embodiment of corporate culture. By analyzing the factorsaffecting the color design of office space, this paper expounds how toeffectively solve the above problems. Therefore, designers should give fullplay to the coordination role of color in space design, so that the design cantruly meet the dual needs of material and spirit pursued by people under thedevelopment of the new era.

办公空间材料设计

Materialdesign of office space

办公空间中使用的材料有很多种，如：

金属、木材、石材、纺织品和玻璃等。

它们都以自身的特性，与周围环境结合产生不同的效果，同时也影响周围环境。

如：

金属给人一种冷、硬、尖锐的感觉，它线条硬朗、反射强度高，且具有极强的装饰性，与色彩结合使用

会使空间变得饱满，与深色结合空间会变得沉稳。

木材肌理分明、色泽柔和，与色彩结合给人恬静淡然，又不失活泼的感觉,装饰在空间中可以更好地表现空间中的色彩。

石材层次纹理丰富、硬度高，与色彩结合给人华丽、大气的感觉，装饰在办公空间前台接待区域，能够更好地塑造空间层次。

纺织品材质柔软、质感较强，给人亲切的感觉，与色彩结合可以营造舒适、温暖的氛围。

玻璃具有良好的透视、透光性能，与色彩结合具有“清、透、亮”的感觉，使空间更具通透性、交流性和采光性。

There are many kinds of materials used in officespace, such as metal, wood, stone, textile and glass. They have their owncharacteristics, combined with the surrounding environment to produce differenteffects, but also affect the surrounding environment. For example, metal givespeople a cold, hard and sharp feeling. It has strong lines, high reflectionintensity and strong decoration. When used in combination with color, the spacewill become full, and when combined with dark color, the space will becomecalm. The wood texture is clear, the color is soft, and the combination withcolor gives people a quiet and calm feeling without losing the lively feeling.Decoration in the space can better express the color in the space. The stonehas rich texture and high hardness. Combined with color, it gives people agorgeous and atmospheric feeling. Decoration in the reception area of theoffice space can better shape the space level. Textiles are soft and strong intexture, giving people a cordial feeling. Combined with color, they can createa comfortable and warm atmosphere. Glass has good perspective and lighttransmission performance. Combined with color, it has the feeling of "clear,transparent and bright", making the space more permeable, communicativeand daylighting.

生态办公空间的材料

Materials ofecological office space

生

态办公空间材料的设计概念与设计目的是对人性化办公模式的探索，是办公、自然与生活场景的自然性融合。

通过色彩材料及装饰等，将办公空间变成自然环境，满足现代“个人化”、“私密性”需求，使办公空间在满足充分发生作用的同时，为不同的行为提供不同性质的空间，空间的形式根据特定行为的需要而成立，带动个人的能动性及创造性。

取代传统办公空间的隔绝化和程序化的生硬感。

设计主要色彩为绿色、原木色、灰色、白色等。

绿色对应绿植。

将自然引进室内，取代流线边角和隔断，使空间更加流畅圆润，增加生机，和环境融为一体。

原木色对应木和土，是暗色中容易让人产生安全感和归属感的颜色。

灰色白色为流行装修颜色中可塑性最强，适用于大多数

装修风格的颜色，保留与自然生态的亲近感，不显得冰冷和呆板。

增加饱和度适中的暖色调使用，调整室内空间活跃度，造成一定视觉冲击但不至于太过抢眼破坏环境色彩平衡。生态办公室内空间设计更多采用原木加工或者质感仿真强的新型材料，追求自然生态本身的质感和真实面貌，新型材料和技术的出现，保证了设计的可行性和经济。

The design concept and purpose of ecological officespace materials is to explore the humanized office mode and the naturalintegration of office, nature and life scenes. Through color materials anddecoration, turn the office space into a natural environment to meet the needsof modern "personalization" and "privacy", so that theoffice space can not only meet the full role, but also provide space of differentnature for different behaviors. The form of space is established according tothe needs of specific behaviors to drive personal initiative and creativity.Replace the isolation and procedural rigidity of traditional office space. Themain colors of the design are green, log color, gray, white, etc. Greencorresponds to green plants. Introduce nature into the room to replacestreamline corners and partitions, so as to make the space more smooth andround, increase vitality and integrate with the environment. Log colorcorresponds to wood and soil. It is a color in dark color that is easy to givepeople a sense of security and belonging. Gray and white are the most plasticof the popular decoration colors. They are suitable for most decoration styles,retain a sense of closeness to the natural ecology, and do not appear cold andrigid. Increase the use of warm colors with moderate saturation, adjust theactivity of indoor space, and cause a certain visual impact, but not tooeye-catching to damage the color balance of the environment. The space designin the ecological office adopts more new materials with log processing orstrong texture simulation, pursues the texture and real appearance of thenatural ecology itself, and the emergence of new materials and technologiesensures the fea

sibility and economy of the design.

办公空间光环境设计

Light environment design of office space

在人类所有感官体验中，获取外界信息占比最大的是视觉，约占 87%。

而想要通过

视觉对外界信息形成印象必须要有光，光照射在物体上形成色彩，以唤起人们的色彩记忆或者是色彩印象。

而在办公空间中光是主要构成部分，同时也是影响办公空间设计的主要因素之一。

一般来说，办公空间的光环境设计可细分为两个部分，一部分为自然采光，一部分为人工照明。

从节能环保的角度来看，办公空间的光环境设计应该以自然采光设计为主，在设计中尽量减少对于人工照明的应用和依赖，这样一来能够有效降低电能的消耗，此外，设计人员在进行人工照明设计时，要尽量选择节能环保照明设备，并应用智能控制系统，根据自然光照强度对人工照明开启亮度进行调节，实现环保目标，光在设计语言的表现方面扮演着极为重要的角色。

灯光的设计要根据不同的空间场所需求选择不同的灯光照度、色温、显色性等。

常见的区域，例如接待和企业形象表现区域、开放式办公区、独立管理人员办公室、通道和走廊，会议室和非正式的讨论区域，大型企业还有自己的画廊、展览区域、员工餐厅和休息室.

In all human sensory experiences, vision accounts forthe largest proportion of external information, accounting for about 87%. Ifyou want to form an impression of external information through vision, you musthave light. Light shines on the object to form color, so as to arouse people'scolor memory or color impression. In the office space, light is not only themain component, but also one of the main factors affecting the design of officespace. Generally speaking, the lighting environment design of office space canbe divided into two parts, one is natural lighting and the other is artificiallighting. From the perspective of energy conservation and environmentalprotection, the lighting environment design of office space should focus onnatural lighting design, and minimize the application and dependence onartificial lighting in the design, so as to effectively reduce the consumptionof electric energy. In addition, designers should try to select energy-savingand environmental protection lighting equipment and apply intelligent controlsystem when setting artificial lighting, According to the natural lightintensity, the opening brightness of artificial lighting is adjusted to achievethe goal of environmental protection. Light plays a very important role in theperformance of design language. The lighting design shall select differentlighting illuminance, color temperature, color rendering, etc. according to theneeds of different space places. Common areas, such as reception and corpo

rateimage performance area, open office area, independent manager's office,passageway and corridor, conference room and informal discussion area, largeenterprises also have their own galleries, exhibition area, staff restaurantand lounge.

未来趋势

Future trends

智能化的办公空间

Intelligent office space'

传统办公建筑的转型也是值得我们现在深思的问题。

在结合智能化技术的基础上，考虑到现在的状况对传统办公建筑进行智能化改造设计，达到提高办公效率、刺激经济增长，

大幅度减少人员流动的目的。

要建立一个智能化办公大楼，在结合当前智能化技术的同时，也要满足人们日常的生活需求，做到办公一体化。

如今的办公场所不像是原来的办公场所那么死板，在当今环境下要满足经济、统一、安全、可靠、高效的要求。

我们要在科技发展的背景下突出 21 世纪智能化建筑的特点，并让其兼备技术的先进性和环境的舒适性，在不改变其原有传统建筑建筑结构的体系下让它朝着智能化的方向发展，这是我们的目标所在。

The transformation of intelligent office space andtraditional office building i

s also a problem worthy of our consideration.Based on the combination of intelligent technology and considering the currentsituation, the intelligent transformation design of traditional officebuildings is carried out to improve office efficiency, stimulate economicgrowth and greatly reduce personnel flow. To build an intelligent officebuilding, we should not only combine the current intelligent technology, butalso meet people's daily life needs and achieve office integration. Today'soffice space is not as rigid as the original office space. In today'senvironment, we should meet the requirements of economy, unity, safety,reliability and efficiency. We must highlight the characteristics ofintelligent buildings in the twenty-first Century under the background oftechnological development, and let them possess the advanced technology andcomfort of the environment, and let it develop towards the direction ofintelligence without changing its traditional architectural structure. This isour goal.