Art Preserve 博物馆 | 自然与艺术的和谐交融_文化中心_设计案例作品

发布时间：2021-03-20 06:23:17 {{ caseViews }} {{ caseCollects }}

设计亮点

将建筑嵌入山丘，利用地球恒定的地下温度维持建筑室内温度稳定，实现可持续设计与能源节约。

Art Preserve博物馆位于威斯康星的Sheboygan，是世界上第一个关注艺术环境的博物馆。由于受到新冠的影响，原定于去年八月开放的博物馆将开馆日期推迟到了2021年6月26日。丹佛建筑事务所Tres Birds负责了该项目的规划、建筑和展陈设计。

Tres Birds has announced a rescheduled opening date for the Art Preserve, the world’s first museum devoted to art environments, located in Sheboygan, Wisconsin. Due to delays caused by COVID-19, the Art Preserve, originally set to open its doors this past August, is now scheduled to open June 26, 2021. Denver-based Tres Birds served as planners, architects, and exhibition designers for the project.

▼建筑外观，external view of the building ©James Florio

新建筑是John Michael Kohler艺术中心的一部分，将成为其主楼的补充。项目所处的Sheboygan是一座毗邻密歇根湖的小城市，距南侧的密尔沃基只有有一小时车程。

Art Preserve博物馆共有三层，面积约5200平方米。人们可以在展厅或透过可见的储藏室欣赏超过30位艺术家的25000余件艺术作品，它们都是Kohler艺术中心收藏的世界闻名的艺术环境佳作。John Michael Kohler艺术中心以展览、教学和艺术保护闻名，保留了许多当地的、自学成才或学院出身的艺术家的作品。它拥有世界最丰富的艺术环境藏品，这是一种独特的艺术类型，艺术家将自己的家或庭院转变成了丰富多样的艺术作品。

The new building is part of the John Michael Kohler Arts Center and will complement its main building in downtown Sheboygan, a small city along Lake Michigan an hour north of Milwaukee.

The Art Preserve’s 56,000-square-foot, three-level building will provide exhibition space and visible storage for more than 25,000 works by over 30 artists in the Kohler Arts Center’s world renowned collection of art environments. The John Michael Kohler Arts Center is known for its exhibitions, study, and preservation of the work of vernacular, self-taught and academically trained artists. It holds the world’s largest collection of art environments, a unique art form created by artists who often transform their homes and yards into multifaceted works of art.

▼总平面图，site plan ©Tres Birds

Art Preserve博物馆造价4000万美元，在审美上与其所呈现的展品和谐统一。建筑基地位于Sheboygan西侧的3636Lower Falls大道，占地面积超过15万平方米，自然环境优美。设计在满足展览和保护需求的同时，充分考虑了社区的可达性以及游客与艺术作品的互动。建筑的主结构由混凝土制成，这种材料普遍出现在艺术环境作品的创作中。博物馆入口处设置了一片高耸的木柱，杂乱倾斜如同生长在基地中的巨树，形成极富戏剧性的视觉效果。这些“树木”在保护藏品免受连续阳光直射的同时，保留了从博物馆内看向森林、河流和草地的视野。设计尊重Sheboygan河沿岸与基地相邻的土地保护计划，补充了周边动植物栖息地的不足。

Embracing an aesthetic in harmony with the work it houses, the $40-million Art Preserve is located within an attractive natural setting on 38 acres on Sheboygan’s west side at 3636 Lower Falls Road. The design embraces community accessibility and interaction with the artwork while addressing exhibition and preservation concerns. The building is a primarily concrete structure, a material choice in keeping with the prevalence of concrete as a medium in the creation of many art environments. A forest of soaring timbers, angled like trees growing on the site forms a dramatic entrance to the Art Preserve. These “timber shades” shield the collection from continuous direct sunlight through the windows, while still providing directs view out to the trees, river, and meadow from within the museum. Complementing the surrounding habitats, the design respects land conservancy initiatives related to adjacent acreage along the Sheboygan River.

▼入口设置倾斜的木柱，angled timbers at the entrance of the building ©James Florio

▼高耸木柱形成的森林，forest created by soaring timbers ©James Florio

▼仰视木柱与建筑，look up to the timbers and the building ©James Florio

Art Preserve博物馆的计划最早由Ruth DeYoung Kohler II提出，她设想了一个专门展示艺术环境的中心。在1972年到2016年担任John Michael Kohler艺术中心总监这段时间，她领导这家当地艺术中心成长成为了一家国际知名的艺术机构，展示当代艺术和本地艺术家的作品，包括艺术环境、表演艺术等。2016年，Ruth辞去了总监职位，专注于将Art Preserve博物馆这一特殊的计划变为现实。她与Tres Birds紧密合作，共同设计完成了这座新的博物馆。

The Art Preserve was the brainchild of Ruth DeYoung Kohler II (1941-2020), who envisioned a center devoted to art environments. As the director of the John Michael Kohler Arts Center from 1972-2016, she guided the growth of a local arts center into an internationally-recognized institution presenting contemporary art, the work of vernacular artists including art environments, and performing arts. In 2016, Ruth stepped away from the directorship to concentrate on making the Art Preserve a reality as director of special initiatives. She worked closely with Tres Birds in the design and completion of plans for the new museum.

▼透过木柱看向外部景观，view to the natural environment through the timbers ©James Florio

▼建筑与自然，architecture and the nature ©James Florio

威斯康星拥有美国最出色的艺术环境作品，包括James Tellen Woodland雕塑花园和威斯康星混凝土公园。Art Preserve博物馆将进一步强调州内的丰富艺术成果，同时展示美国和世界艺术家的作品。在许多情况下，John Michael Kohler艺术中心拥有多位艺术家的全部作品可供展览。Art Preserve博物馆将容纳来自世界各地的广泛作品，从印度昌迪加尔到密西西比郊区，再到纽约Chelsea酒店，不一而足。博物馆共收藏了超过30位艺术家的作品，并会展示其中13位的主要代表作，他们分别是Levi Fisher Ames，Emery Blagdon，Loy Bowlin，Eugene Von Bruenchenhein，Nek Chand，Annie Hooper，Jesse Howard，Mary Nohl，Dr. Charles Smith，Fred Smith，Lenore Tawney，Stella Waitzkin和and Ray Yoshida。

Wisconsin is home to some of the country’s most outstanding art environments including the James Tellen Woodland Sculpture Garden and the Wisconsin Concrete Park. The Art Preserve will emphasize the state’s riches while also promoting national and international artists. In many cases, the John Michael Kohler Arts Center possesses the largest collection available of many of the artists’ oeuvres. The Art Preserve will house a wide range of work that was made around the world, from Chandigarh, India, to rural Mississippi to the Hotel Chelsea in New York City. Thirteen of the Art Preserve’s more than 30 artists will be represented with major presentations of their work, including Levi Fisher Ames, Emery Blagdon, Loy Bowlin, Eugene Von Bruenchenhein, Nek Chand, Annie Hooper, Jesse Howard, Mary Nohl, Dr. Charles Smith, Fred Smith, Lenore Tawney, Stella Waitzkin, and Ray Yoshida.

▼展厅，exhibition space ©James Florio

展览空间将以舞台、策展、可见储藏室等形式展示艺术家们的作品，其中包括： – Fred Smith在Tavern岩石花园的混凝土混合材质吧台的复制品，设于博物馆入口处，作为吧台兼接待处使用 – Loy Bowlin用亮片和绘图纸创造的“美丽神圣宝石屋”，人们可以从艺术保护和注册要求等角度讨论他的作品 – 一个展示Levi Fisher Ames精致的木雕作品的空间，也可以供小型演出使用，表达了对艺术家音乐背景的尊敬

The exhibition spaces will present the artists’ work through tableaux as well as curated, visible storage of the works of art. Among the installations will be: – a replica of the concrete and mixed-media bar from Fred Smith’s Rock Garden Tavern near the museum entrance that will function as both bar and reception area; – Loy Bowlin’s “Beautiful Holy Jewel Home,” created of glitter and construction paper, that will offer an opportunity and location to discuss his work through the lens of restoration and registrarial requirements; and – a homage to Levi Fisher Ames’ background as a musician with a space that serves as a home for his elaborate wood carvings as well as a location for small performances.

▼展厅，exhibition space ©James Florio

除了展览，Art Preserve博物馆还将成为一座学院教学和研究的中心，包含教育区、图书馆、资料区以及其他学习空间，为研究者、旅行团体和公众提供接近藏品的机会。

In addition to exhibition areas, the Art Preserve will be a center for academic study and research, and will include an education area, library, study collection, and other spaces that will provide access to the collection for researchers, tour groups, and the public.

▼交通空间，circulation space ©James Florio

项目由低能耗材料组成，旨在降低运营中所消耗的能量。建筑70%采用当地河岩，不需要生产制造，且运输耗能极低。参考酒窖，Art Preserve博物馆嵌入山丘一侧，通过地球恒定的地下温度维持建筑室内温度稳定。

The Art Preserve has been built with low embodied energy with the goal of achieving low operating energy. The building is built from 70 percent local river rock, which requires no manufacturing energy and uses very little transportation energy. Like a wine cellar, the Art Preserve is built into the side of a hill, tapping into the Earth’s constant underground temperature. This relationship helps the building have more consistent interior temperatures.

Tres Birds与全球工程、设计顾问公司Arup紧密合作，寻找创新且可持续的设计方案，包括特殊的采暖制冷系统、综合照明、隔音和机电设计等，节约能源，保护艺术作品，提升游客的参观体验。

声学设计上，建筑师策略性地设置了特殊的吸音板，减少馆内噪音的传播，同时让讲解员的介绍更加清晰，提高学习的效果。此外，建筑的默认状态是黑暗的，这对于博物馆来说很少见。节能照明系统使用蓝牙控制灯光，根据人们的活动逐渐照亮展览空间。当游客接近艺术品时，灯光打开；当艺术品附近没有人时，灯光关闭。博物馆中的不同元素相互关联，共同形成了一套系统，有效减少化石能源的使用。

Tres Birds worked in close collaboration with the global engineering, design, and consulting firm Arup on innovative and sustainable design features including specialized heating and cooling systems, integrated lighting, acoustic, and MEP (mechanical, electric, plumbing) design solutions that provide energy savings, feature and preserve artwork, and enhance the patron experience.

The acoustic design includes specialized and strategically located sound-absorbing treatments to help mitigate noise propagation throughout the museum and promote intelligible speech from museum docents to enhance learning. In addition, the default state of the building is darkness, which is quite rare for a museum. The energy-saving lighting system utilizes motion-activated Bluetooth controls to gradually light exhibition spaces when patrons are near the art, and turn off when no one is nearby. All of these elements of the Art Preserve are interconnected to create a system with reduced fossil fuel usage.

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