Helfštýn城堡修复与重建，捷克 / atelier-r_娱乐空间_设计案例作品

发布时间：2020-11-05 17:39:41 {{ caseViews }} {{ caseCollects }}

文化遗产

Cultural Heritage

Helfštýn古堡坐落于巍峨的摩拉维亚门山谷，建于14世纪，是捷克共和国境内除布拉格城堡外，规模最大，功能最复杂的城堡。

2014年，当地出台了关闭文艺复兴时期宫殿废墟的决定，以避免由于建筑老化坍塌造成的严重安全隐患。

Rising high above the Moravian Gate valley, Helfštýn Castle is the second largest complex in the Czech Republic right after Prague Castle. Helfštýn was established in the 14th century. In 2014, the Renaissance palace ruins had to close down due to the severe safety hazards such as falling masonry and remains degradation.

▼城堡鸟瞰，aerial view of the castle © BoysPlayNice

城堡主人对项目的基本要求是：修复奥洛穆茨地区(Olomouc Region)的宫殿，并为其重建一个全新的屋顶。根据国家遗产研究所的要求，项目将在保护城堡遗址现状的情况下进行修复。因此，建筑师只能重建部分屋顶，并且屋顶的高度不能超过外墙。

The primary requirement of the castle owner; Olomouc Region, was to renovate the palace along with the construction of a new roof. The National Heritage Institute insisted on the preservation of the building in the state of a ruin. The roof was allowed only partially, and it could only go as high as the level of the peripheral walls.

▼项目航拍顶视图，top view of the castle © BoysPlayNice

由于修复计划存在着诸多限制，项目的设计过程十分的独特。事务所运用无人机拍摄了数千张照片，并以此为依据建造3D模型，用于绘制所需的全部石膏与砌体改造图纸。

The project planning was rather unique. The 3D model based on thousands of photographs from a drone allowed us to map all the types of plaster and masonry modifications.

▼局部航拍图，local top view of the castle © BoysPlayNice

新概念

New Concept

事务所并不希望将本项目限于简单的技术改造，而是将建筑历史与当代美学相融合，使修复后的Helfštyn城堡既注重实际用途又富有美学吸引力。

We aspired to go beyond the technical reconstruction assignment. We strived to compliment the historical building with the contemporary architecture that would focus on both practical use as well as gaining an aesthetic appeal.

▼城堡入口，entrance of the castle © BoysPlayNice

为了使游客沉浸在纯粹的文艺复兴时期宫殿的历史氛围中，建筑师在城堡的缝隙空间中设置了一系列全新的观光路线，将宫殿底层加建的入口与上层连通了起来。此外，建筑师在城堡的每层分别使用了一种基本材料，使人们可以清晰地辨别出历史建筑中新添加的当代元素。

屋顶由钢制横梁与玻璃构成，楼梯与栈道采用了耐候钢，而底层的观光路线则是由预制混凝土板铺设而成。

In order to immerse the visitors in the historical development of the original renaissance palace, we inserted new sightseeing routes into the already existing gaps in the ruins, connecting the ground floor with the newly accessible higher levels of the palace. Newly added contemporary elements are clearly recognizable in the historical construction.

We worked with three basic materials, one for each level of the building. The roofing is made of glass on steel beams, the staircases and footbridges have been made of corten steel, and the ground floor paths are made of polished concrete.

▼城堡内院，courtyard of the castle © BoysPlayNice

▼耐候钢栈道与原始围墙齐平，Corten Footbridges on the top of the original walls © BoysPlayNice

耐候钢栈道 Corten Footbridges

原建筑的屋顶化身成全新的室外游览路线，使游客以最亲密的方式接触到宫殿遗址上最初的建筑细节。耐候钢栈道的高度与宫殿外墙齐平，于此，人们可以在欣赏壮阔的历史景观的同时尽览场地周边的美景。

What once used to be a roof has now become the new sightseeing route. Being this close to the construction details of the original palace and as high as the top of the walls allows the public to admire the historical significance of the sight and the sheer views of the surrounding region.

▼耐候钢栈道概览，overall of the corten footbridges © BoysPlayNice

▼由屋顶的耐候钢栈道看周边优美环境，viewing the surrounding beautiful environment from the corten footbridges on the roof top © BoysPlayNice

选择一种永不过时的材料是本案设计中至关重要的一环，耐候钢则完美契合了这种需求。耐候钢是一种特殊的铁合金，经过腐蚀，逐渐成熟，与古老的历史城墙纹理相辅相成。此外，Helfštýn城堡还以其铁器工艺传统而闻名，因此耐候钢便成为本项目中的不二选材。

It was crucial to choose a material that would be timeless. Corten is a special iron alloy that undergoes a corrosion, matures and matches the texture of the old historical walls. Moreover, Helfštýn Castle is well-renowned for its iron craftsmanship tradition, therefore it made a perfect sense to choose corten to work with.

▼室外楼梯与栏杆也采用了耐候钢，corten is also used for outdoor stairs and balustrades © BoysPlayNice

▼栈道细部，detail of the corten footbridges © BoysPlayNice

▼锈蚀的耐候钢表面与古老的城墙相互呼应，the corroded corten-steel surface echoes the ancient wall © BoysPlayNice

混凝土观光线路

建筑师为城堡底层规划出一套由漫步区与人行步道交织的网络体系，这套交通网络由经过细致抛光的预制混凝土板铺设而成。根据耐候钢栈道的铺设位置，建筑师在预制混凝土板与粗糙的原始石砌墙面之间留出一段距离，并在这个缝隙空间处填满砾石。这种设置，使精确笔直的地板轮廓与不规则的墙面形成明显却不突兀的对比。

On the ground floor, we designed a network of marching areas and pavements using precise smooth pre-cast concrete boards. These boards were laid down into individual areas. The pre-cast concrete is defined by rigorously straight Corten steel profiles, which create a distance from the uneven and irregular walls. To highlight both the precise profile and the irregular walls, the area between them is filled with gravel. This design choice conciliates the irregularity with an uncompromising straight forefront.

▼俯视一层地面上的混凝土小路，overlook the concrete path on the ground floor © BoysPlayNice

▼预制混凝土板与粗糙的原始石砌墙面之间留出一段距离并填满砾石，a distance dumped by gravel between the walls and Pre-cast concrete © BoysPlayNice

玻璃屋顶 Glass Roof

加建的玻璃平屋顶镶嵌在城堡废墟的墙壁上，屋顶选材的灵感源自城堡上方开阔的天空。玻璃的使用为宫殿内部创造了完美的采光条件。大部分屋顶采用了磨砂玻璃，它将光线均匀的分散开来，使室内展览空间变得更加柔和，此外，磨砂的质地也更易于后期维护与保养。

教堂的屋顶则是个例外，透明的玻璃屋顶生动地象征了天堂。

The flat glass roofs have been inserted in between the walls of the ruins. The wide-open sky was the key inspiration when choosing the material for the roof. Using glass provides perfect day light conditions to the interior of the palace.

We have chosen to work with the sanded glass for a couple of reasons. It is easy on the maintenance and the flat dispersed light compliments the exhibitions inside the palace.

The chapel roof was an exception. The clear glass roof symbolizes heaven quite literally.

建筑师有选择性地仅在五间屋子的上方进行了加建，并使用耐候钢栈道作为楼梯间的屋顶。有意忽略的空间增强了城堡遗址的意境，产生令人印象深刻的效果，同时鼓励了游客仰望天空，感受自然。

We have put a roof on five chosen chambers only. The corten footbridges serve as a roof for the staircases. We intentionally left out some of the spaces in order to enhance the spirit of the impressive ruins and encourage the visitors to look up to the sky.

过去与现在

项目的核心理念基于对历史建筑的尊重，旨在保护城堡遗址的原貌。运用引人入胜的观光线路，引领人们了解建筑的历史，用遗址屋顶改造的人行栈道为人们展示风景如画的周边环境。当代建筑与历史建筑并不存在竞争或矛盾，而是相辅相成的，在这里，所有新旧元素都将以和谐的方式并存。

Our concept is based on the respect towards the historical building and it pursues a major effort to preserve the castle’s authentic character.

The palace gained an attractive sightseeing route that allows the visitors to learn about the building history and enjoy the picturesque views from the footbridges on the upper levels of the castle what once used to be a roof.

The contemporary architecture does not compete with the historical building, rather it creates a cohesive unit in which all the elements, old and new go hand in hand.

Materials - stone / historical masonry - bricks / historical masonry - concrete / foundations’ strengthening, ground level floors - steel / joists and beams of newly inserted footbridges - corten / beams, floors, cladding of the newly inserted footbridges - glass / roofing and banisters of a part of newly inserted components

Products and Brands - corten – RedSteel — UnionOcel - concrete lights / courtyard of the palace — Viabizzuno - plastering, grouting / outer and inner walls of the palace — Tubag - hydroisolation plasters / floors of the palace — Remmers

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