肯尼亚蒙巴萨都铎公寓，环保设计融入自然_家装空间_设计案例作品

发布时间：2017-08-18 23:00:00 {{ caseViews }} {{ caseCollects }}

设计亮点

自然通风、光线充足的空间，环保材料与技术，创新建筑形式，保护隐私的过滤外壳。

架构师提供的文本描述。该项目包括在蒙巴萨-- 肯尼亚都铎溪的 14 套公寓。它的特点是一个口香糖结构外壳，它的独特之处在于它对隐私的追求，以及对自然通风和光线的优化。在我们的视野中，公寓受益于户外生活的体验、与大自然的接触以及将周围环境融入每一个私人住宅。

蒙巴萨位于肯尼亚东海岸，是肯尼亚第二大城市。它是一个多文化和战略中心，以贸易和熟练的工匠而闻名，其特点是热带稀树草原和溪流交错的土地。

Location / Context

Located on the east coast of Kenya, Mombasa is the second-largest city in the country. A multicultural and strategic centre known for trading and skilled craftsmen, it is characterized by a savanna tropical climate and a land crossed by creeks.

都铎，我们的干预区，位于小溪的滨水区，这是蒙巴萨岛以北的一个特权位置。周围植被茂盛，周围环境宁静，这个项目自然适合这个环境。

Tudor, our intervention zone, is situated on the creek´s waterfront, which is a privileged location north of Mombasa Island. With lush vegetation all around and a serene neighbourhood, the project naturally fits into this environment.

我们与客户密切合作，通过调整土地的自然坡度，利用当地现有的材料和技术，创造出一座环境影响最小的建筑。

We worked closely with the client to create a building with minimal environmental impact, by adapting to the land’s natural slope, and by using locally available materials and know-how.

要求/情况限制-- 最大限度地利用公寓内外的风景，特别是通过露台和阳台。

Requirements / Situation Constraints -Maximize the scenery from within and outside the apartments, notably via terraces and balconies

Building Diagram

建筑图

-环境友好型：

Environmentally friendly:

自然通风空间：被动冷却。光线充足的空间，这是一个挑战，因为光线必须在没有太阳热量的情况下进入。由缺水驱动的雨水收集。太阳能热水节约能源。本地的、持久的材料

Naturally aerated spaces: passive cooling. Well-lit spaces, a challenge, as light must come in without the sun heat. Rainwater collection, driven by water scarcity. Solar-heated water for energy saving. Local, long lasting materials © Javier Callejas .Javier Callejas

-确保有关道路附近的私隐，以及邻近地块内的邻近地点的私隐：一边是一幢楼宇，另一边则是一幢私人住宅，有可能出现重大住宅发展的危险。这是一个创建过滤外壳的驱动器。

-Ensure privacy regarding the proximity of the road, and that of the neighbours in the adjacent plots: a building of flats on one side, a private house on the other with a risk of major residential development. This was a drive for creating the filtering shell.

"都铎公寓提案"是一项以创新建筑为荣的发展项目，借鉴斯瓦希里语设计的丰富传统，展示了它对蒙巴萨历史的依恋。这个发展项目致力于协调蒙巴萨的过去、现在和未来。

Proposal Tudor Apartments is a development that prides itself in its innovative architecture, showing its attachment to Mombasa’s history by borrowing inspiration from the rich traditions of Swahili design. This development project is committed to harmonizing Mombasa’s past, present and future.

该建议是一个亲密的发展 14 套公寓，所有提供令人叹为观止的全景小溪。我们开发的非标志性建筑，具有创新的建筑设计，最高标准的产品完成，豪华，当代生活方式，尊重自然和当地的遗产。

The proposal is an intimate development of 14 apartments, all offering breath-taking panoramic views on the creek. We developed an iconic building, with innovation of architectural designs, highest standards of product finishes, luxurious, contemporary lifestyle, and respect for the natural and local heritage.

Floor Plan

地块的坡度和狭窄的形状指导了我们的设计，以尽量减少建筑物的影响。在地势较低的地方，向小溪倾斜的陡峭山体被三座独特而独特的露台房屋所拯救，它们一间进了另一间。在过滤光的顶部，天井允许通过面向水的透水木格通风。他们可以通过横向楼梯到达小溪，经过底部的综合健身房，到达一个无限大的游泳池。距离邻居和道路有一定的距离，这给建筑带来了很好的影响，因为它在风景中是存在的，而不是压倒性的。这样，公寓大楼被它的保护层所包围，面向马路，俯瞰小溪，顶上有一套阁楼。

The plot’s slope and its narrow shape guided our design to minimize the building’s impact. The steep drop towards the creek, on the lower part of the plot, was saved with three distinct and unique patio houses, stepped one into the other. On top of filtering light, the patios allow ventilation via permeable wood lattices facing the water. They are accessible via lateral stairs that descend towards the creek, passing by an integrated gym at the bottom, and arriving to an infinity pool. A measured distance from the neighbours and the road give the building a well-weighted impact, for it to be present but not overwhelming in the scenery. This way, the apartments block, enveloped with its protective skin, rises facing the road, overlooking the creek, and topped with a penthouse.

环境特征

Environmental Features

开发人员小心翼翼地将红树林和其他树木原封不动地留在现场。

The development was careful to leave the mangroves and other trees intact on site.

此外，自然、被动通风是工程设计中的一个指导主题。

In addition, natural, passive ventilation was a guiding theme in the project design. © Javier Callejas .Javier Callejas

在公寓中，交叉通风是可能的，从大海，通过阴影的梯田，到内部，通过整合的木制格子和周围的信封。

In the apartments, cross ventilation is possible from the sea, through the shaded terraces, to the interiors, via the integrated wooden lattices and through the surrounding envelope.

在独特的底部房屋中，天井允许双重通风：木质格子允许空气从海边通过室内和庭院流通；两个叠加的格子使房子和假天花板都能通风，以避免它从顶部露台上的太阳散发热量。此外，在露台和露台上，植被整合在一起，提供新鲜和绿色植物。

In the distinct bottom houses, the patios allow double ventilation: wood lattices allow air to circulate from the seaside through the interiors and to the patios; two superimposed lattices allow ventilation for both the house and the false ceiling, to avoid it transmitting heat from the sun on the top terraces. Moreover, vegetation is integrated in the patios and on the terraces, offering freshness and greenery. © Javier Callejas .Javier Callejas

在没有与污水系统充分连接的情况下，我们整合了一个生物消化池，用于在将旧水释放到自然之前对其进行处理，也就是说，在小溪水中。此外，雨水收集为照料花园提供了水。

In the absence of sufficient connection to the sewage system, we integrated a bio-digester for treating used waters before releasing them into nature, that is to say, in the creek water. Furthermore, rainwater collection provides water for care for the garden. © Javier Callejas .Javier Callejas

结构皮肤：当代 Muchrabiah

Structural Skin: Contemporary Muchrabiah

根据对不同传统图案的研究，我们设计了木瓜皮。它服务于与周围环境有关的隐私，并为我们想要的房屋提供过滤的自然光。

We designed the mucharabiah skin following a study of different traditional patterns. It serves for the privacy in relation to the surroundings, and for the filtered, natural light we wanted for the houses.

这个皮肤包裹在公寓街区周围，它的北立面是免费的，阳台面向大海，充分利用了令人叹为观止的风景。

This skin wraps itself around the apartments block, leaving its Northern façade free, with balconies facing the sea and taking full advantage of the breath-taking scenery. © Javier Callejas .Javier Callejas

而且，由于工程团队的帮助，皮肤完全被构造化了。对于肯尼亚来说，这种结构皮肤之所以成为可能，要归功于当地和国际工程师的携手合作，以及现场的钢铁工人，他们以奉献和关怀的方式，在没有任何技术的情况下，管理着完美无缺的棒材弯曲工作。

Moreover, the skin was rendered entirely structural thanks to the engineering team. A novelty to Kenya, such structural skin was possible thanks to local and international engineers working hand by hand, and to the steel workers on-site who managed, by dedication and care, flawless bar bending work without access to any technology.

在空间上，这种皮肤也重新引导人们在窗户上放置条子的倾向，成为自己的边界和过滤器。有时内部空间的直接限制，壳在其他时间是第一次过滤阳光和热量，加倍由内部手工木格百叶窗。这样，光是慷慨的，热量就会分解。

Spatially, this skin also redirects people’s local tendency to put bars on their windows, becoming itself the border and the filter. Sometimes the direct limit of the internal house spaces, the shell is at other times a first filter of sunlight and heat, doubled by internal handcrafted wood-lattice shutters. In this way, light is generous and heat is broken down.

工艺，技术，团队合作

Crafts, Techniques, Team Work

除了白色的石膏涂饰外，该项目还使用了 mtomo 饰面技术，这是一种源于 Lamu 的珊瑚石包覆技术，由于珊瑚石的孔隙性，有助于保持热容量。木材作品的实现完全归功于蒙巴萨和拉穆当地工匠的杰出手工雕刻。此外，工匠还为露天室的地面制作了原地水磨石。

In addition to white, plaster finishing, the project uses mtomo finish, a coral stone cladding technique original to Lamu that helps keep thermal capacity thanks to the porosity of the coral stone. Wood work was realised entirely thanks to outstanding hand carving by local artisans from Mombasa and Lamu. Furthermore, artisans produced in situ terrazzo for the flooring of the patio houses © Javier Callejas.Javier Callejas

Architects Urko Sanchez Architects

Location Mombasa, Kenya

Project Team Estrella de Andrés, Marcos Velasco, Ahmed Shamuty

Area 4000.0 m2Project Year 2017

Photographs Javier Callejas

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