巴西 Cerrado 之家 | 融入自然的生态建筑_建筑_设计案例作品

发布时间：2016-07-01 06:36:00 {{ caseViews }} {{ caseCollects }}

设计亮点

将游泳池与建筑结构完美结合，打造自然与建筑和谐共生的空间。

(加布里埃尔·卡斯特罗)

架构师提供的文本描述。瑟拉多之家建在米纳斯吉拉斯州山脉的山脚下。这所三卧室的房子有一个屋顶游泳池和一个通向屋顶露台的宽楼梯。房间就在游泳池下面，可以看到塞拉河、瑟拉多河及其扭曲的树木。北面和西面的百叶窗可以抵御日晒。

Text description provided by the architects. The Cerrado House was built at the foothills of the Sierra da Moeda, a mountain range in the state of Minas Gerais. The three-bedroom house has a rooftop pool and a wide staircase that leads to the rooftop terrace. The rooms are right under the swimming pool and have views of the sierra, the Cerrado and its twisted trees. Louvers on the northern and western faces protect against the inclement sun.

(加布里埃尔·卡斯特罗)

在这里，功能和形式之间的作用是自发的和无格调的：游泳池的坡道和楼梯被不可抑制地压在门面上，形成内部空间。方案来源的利用直接体现在：它是一种生成性战略，探讨方案/形式之间的关系，将其作为一种绝对的、不可避免的对应关系。

The play between function and form here is spontaneous and undogmatic: the ramps and stairs of the swimming pool are stamped irrepressibly onto the façades and shape the internal space. The employment of the programmatic source is made directly manifest: it is a generative strategy that explores the programme/form relationship as an absolute and inevitable correspondence.

(加布里埃尔·卡斯特罗)

为了寻求基本建筑元素的可塑性，该项目也提升了这一低估和威胁的生物群落：Cerrado。这里没有景观设计：房子坐落在自然的地形上，从游泳池的露台上可以看得最清楚。

Seeking the plasticity of basic architectural elements, the project also exalts this underestimated and threatened biome: the Cerrado. There is no landscape design: the house sits on natural terrain, whose immensity and vistas are best seen from the pool terrace.

上下文描述

Context Description

Cerrado是该国七个生物群落之一，面积150万平方公里。巴西生物多样性约占巴西生物多样性的三分之一，占世界动植物总数的5%，是巴西三个最大水文流域(亚马逊、圣弗朗西斯科和巴拉那/巴拉圭)的源头所在。它有着独特的植物群，以其宽敞的树木和低矮的灌木丛而出类拔萃，融入了南美洲在非洲大草原和欧洲大草原上的变异。鉴于其生态、地缘政治和文化的特殊性，Cerrado被认为是国家一体化的生物群落。

The Cerrado is one of the country’s seven biomes and covers an area of 1.5 million km². It holds about a third of all Brazilian biodiversity, 5% of the world’s flora and fauna, and is home to the headwaters of the three largest hydrographic basins in the country (Amazon, São Francisco, and Paraná/ Paraguay). It has a unique flora and stands out for its generously-spaced trees and low-slung brushwood, blending into a South-American variation on the African savannah and the European steppe. Given its ecological, geopolitical and cultural specificities, the Cerrado is considered the biome of national integration.

(加布里埃尔·卡斯特罗)

瑟拉多的土壤曾经被认为太酸而不能耕种。但是自从20世纪80年代农学家开始使用工业石灰量以来，这些土壤已经被改变了。现在，巴西70%的农业产量来自Cerrado。

The soils of the Cerrado were once regarded as too acidic to farm. But since agronomists began applying industrial quantities of lime in the 1980s, these soils have been transformed. The Cerrado now produces 70% of Brazil’s agricultural output.

(加布里埃尔·卡斯特罗)

近年来，塞拉多的生态破坏率是亚马逊的两倍，虽然大部分亚马逊雨林幸存下来，但在塞拉多以前的2亿公顷土地中，有60%以上的土地在耕地下消失，其中大部分是在过去20年中消失的。它一直是一个保护黑洞：只有2%的生态系统受到保护。然而，巴西的农学家和部长们仍然认为它根本没有保护价值。

In recent years, the rate of ecological destruction of the Cerrado has been twice that of the Amazon, and while the majority of the Amazon rainforest survives, more than 60% of the Cerrado’s former 200 million hectares has disappeared under the plough, and most of that within the last two decades alone. It has been a black hole for conservation: only 2% of the ecosystem is protected. However, Brazilian agriculturalists and ministers still talk as if it had no conservation value at all.

(加布里埃尔·卡斯特罗)