位置Place

项目坐落于捷克Moravian-Silesian地区Rybí小镇的南缘，项目场地由道路、河流以及相邻场地的围栏界定出来。虽然场地面积十分可观，但是相比之下，可建设的面积却明显少得多。事实上，未来住宅的体量形态在很大程度上是由现有的地下储气罐以及森林边缘所需的保护距离所决定的。

Located on the south edge of the Rybí village, Moravian-Silesian Region, the building site is marked out by the edge of the access road, the local stream and neighbouring property fencing. It is a sizeable plot of land, but with a significantly reduced buildable area. The shape of the future house is in fact largely predetermined by the minimum required setbacks from existing underground gas storage tanks and from the forest edge.

▼项目与周边环境概览，overall of the project and surrounding environment

场地上坡度平缓且向东南侧倾斜，进而为住宅提供了周围牧场、森林以及村庄的优美景观视野。入口道路在场地最低处穿过溪流，道路与溪流交汇处的一侧设有一条简单朴素的长凳。尽管是在业主私人的场地上，但这个地点却是对公众开放的，几个世纪以来，它一直是从Nový Jičín到Štramberk的十字路上的一部分。

Sloping gently to the southeast, the site offers picturesque views of the surrounding pastures, woods, and village houses. The access road crosses the stream at the lowest point of the site and there is a small wayside cross with a simple bench. This spot is accessible to the public despite being on the clients’ property. For centuries, it has been part of the Way of the Cross from Nový Jičín to Štramberk.

▼由室外娱乐区看主要住宅一侧，viewing the main house from the outdoor playground

概览Brief

根据业主的需求，本项目应包括一栋四口之家住宅以及一栋供祖父母居住的独立住宅单元。业主希望本项目能够采用木材建造，不仅在生态方面具有可持续的特点，还应该易于建造且具有良好的成本效益。此外，他们还希望能够亲手建造自己的住宅，至少参与到部分建造过程中。

The clients specified that the building program should include a home for a family of four and a separate unit for their grandparents. They wanted the house made of wood and also sustainable in the sense that it should be easy to build and cost-effective in operation. They also wanted to be able to build the house themselves, at least partially.

▼项目概览，overall of the project

概念Concept

从远处看，在这片绿地周围几乎没有任何相邻的建筑物来定义本项目建筑的结构或形式。与本项目距离相对较近的两栋房屋均是坡屋顶的形式，而小镇中的其他部分则混杂了建于不同时期的各种独栋住宅。如何回答“新住宅应该是什么形式”这个问题，在这种情况下是相当困难的。在综合考虑了预算限制、项目要求以及业主对于木结构的偏好后，建筑师最终决定采用重复的结构单元来合理满足以上所有需求。

There are almost no neighbouring buildings around this greenfield site that would define structure or form. Two pitched-roofed catalogue houses are standing close by, the rest of the village is a mix of detached single-family homes from various periods. Answering the question: “What should the new house look like?” was quite difficult in this case. After considering the budget limitations, program requirements, and the preferred choice of a wood structure building, our final decision was to adopt a rational approach with repeating structural elements.

▼两栋带有坡屋顶的细长体量以一定的角度连接在一起，

Two elongated volumes with pitched roofs are joined together at an angle

▼住宅体量从地面架空，the main family house on piloti

立面细部，facade detail

两栋带有坡屋顶的细长体量以一定的角度连接在一起，合理避开场地的限制，并充分利用了可建造面积。乍一看，这种体量形态可能会让人联想到Beskydy地区典型的单层坡屋顶小木屋。建筑的两翼巧妙地分隔了家庭住宅以及未来的附属套房。两个体量围合而成的三角形地带形成了一处朝南敞开的私人庭院，在庭院内不仅不会受到北风的侵扰，还能够尽情饱览附近森林的优美景观。

Two elongated volumes with pitched roofs are joined together at an angle and placed on the edge of the buildable area, defined by the setbacks. At first glance, this shape can appear to be reminiscent of the Beskydy region’s typical small single-story home with a pitched roof. The solution with two wings works well to separate the family home and the future in-law suite. A south-facing private courtyard is formed inside the angle, protected from the north and overlooking a nearby forest.

▼南侧立面，viewing the house from south side

悬挑的屋檐下，宽阔的平台沿着住宅一路延伸，Shaded by the roof overhang, a wide deck stretching all the way along the house

▼露台细部，detail of the terrace

悬挑的屋檐下，宽阔的平台沿着住宅一路延伸，将其与庭院连接起来，创造出无尽的可能性，人们可以在这里坐下来放松，聆听潺潺的流水、沙沙作响的树叶，或是远方村庄里传来的欢声笑语。小溪周围茂盛的树木为炎热的夏日提供了荫凉，而在冬季，树叶落尽的枯枝也丝毫不会影响阳光照射到住宅内部。

Shaded by the roof overhang, a wide deck stretching all the way along the house connects it with the courtyard, offering endless possibilities to sit, relax and listen to the sounds of running water, rustling leaves, or distant hum of village life. Mature trees growing around the stream provide shade from the hot summer sun, but their bare branches let in enough sunlight to reach the house in winter.

▼露台上的全景视野，panoramic view from the terrace

布局Layout

住宅的两翼在前厅交汇，这个空间为居住者提供了包括两栋建筑、庭院以及室外平台的广阔全景视野，同时也起到了良好的入口向导作用。前厅一侧通向主要生活空间，另一侧则通往附属住宅的走廊。走廊位于附属住宅的东侧，提供了通往设备室、次浴室以及祖父母卧室的通道，同时也将这些空间与甲板露台连接在一起。

The two wings intersect at the vestibule. This room gives a good overview of both wings, the courtyard and the deck, acting as a metaphoric entrance signpost. From the vestibule, on one side a door leads to the main living area, while on the other we enter a corridor to the in-law suite. The corridor goes along the east side of the in-law suite and provides access to the mechanical room, the smaller bathroom and the grandparent’s bedroom. It also connects this wing to the deck.

▼由前厅看露台，viewing the terrace from the vestibule

▼起居空间概览，overall of the living area

▼客厅，living room

厨房餐厅，kitchen-dining

从前厅进入主要住宅一翼，首先映入眼帘的是一处双层通高的开放式起居空间，并带有餐厅以及开放式厨房。大面积的开窗提供了良好的采光与理想的景观视野，无论是室内还是室外的景观都在此得到了强调。在厨房区，透过一条水平的带型长窗可以瞥见到主入口，而在起居区内，宽敞的窗台座位上则可以看到远处的景观。走廊连接了起居区和私人区域，包括儿童卧室、主浴室，以及主卧室。无论是从起居室还是从卧室都可以直接通往露台。

Entering the family wing from the vestibule, we reach a double-height, open-plan living area with dining and cooking. Providing enough views inside and outside the house was emphasised here and everywhere around the building. From the cooking area, a horizontal strip window overlooks the entryway, while a wide window seat in the living area offers views of the landscape beyond. A corridor connects the living area with the private zone consisting of the children’s bedroom, the main bathroom and the main bedroom. The open-plan living area and the bedrooms all have direct access to the deck.

▼卧室，bedroom

▼儿童房，children‘s room

▼走廊，corridor

▼飘窗，bay window

结构与材料

Structure and Materials

承重结构与地基

Load bearing structure & Foundations

本项目的地基分为两部分，附属住宅部分采用了钢筋混凝土条形地基，主要家庭住宅部分则由纤细的钢支柱从地面上抬高。这种结构形式在一定程度上为建筑赋予了轻盈之感，不仅营造出亲人的尺度，同时也减少了建筑对土壤的影响。建筑采用了宽四寸厚二尺的木材、矿棉保温材料和OSB饰面板建造，主要的室内饰面材料则采用了天然三层云杉实木面板以及白色石膏板。卧室内铺设了橡木地板，走廊以及浴室区域则由瓷砖地砖铺设。

The house was erected using the 2-by-4 structural system, mineral wool insulation and structural OSB board sheathing. The dominant interior finishes are natural 3-layer spruce solid wood panel and white gypsum board. The bedrooms have oak flooring, the corridors and bathrooms ceramic floor tiles. The foundations are divided into two sections. The in-law suite uses reinforced concrete strip foundation while the family home is raised from the ground on thin steel stilts. This gives a certain lightweight quality to the building, reducing its scale and impact on the soil.

夜景，night view

供暖Heating

两座住宅都配备有由电锅炉供电的地下热水供暖设备；生活起居区域内还设有额外的供暖设施，例如燃木火炉；浴室内还设有暖气片，可用于加热毛巾等用品。

The house is fitted with water underfloor heating powered by an electric boiler. Additional heating with a wood-burning stove is available in the living area, and a heated towel radiator in the bathroom.

▼总平面图，master plan

▼平面图，plan

立面图，elevations

▼剖面图，sections

Studio：KLAR

Author：Václav Kocián / Zdeněk Liška

info@klarch.cz

Website：Social media：Studio address：Záhumenní 1353/4B, 742 21 Kopřivnice, Czech Republic

Project location：Rybí 424, 742 65 Rybí

Project country：Czech Republic

Project year：2019-2020Completion year：2021

Built-up Area：145 m²

Usable Floor Area：124 m²

Plot size：2161 m²

Dimensions：722 m3Cost：200 000 €

Photographer：Václav Novák,,Collaborator

Structural engineering: Martin Wünsche

Fire safety engineering: Pavla Tvrdá

Contractor: Richard Kovář

EPC: Tomáš Brückner

Materials：steel

stilts bearing the family wing

sheet metal roofing

painted aluminium – sheet metal work

wood interior – spruce 3-layer solid wood panel

structure – spruce KVH structural timber, OSB board sheathing

facade – burnt spruce panels