Virginia bridge house

设计方：Höweler + Yoon Architecture

位置：美国 弗吉尼亚州 麦克莱恩市

分类：居住建筑

内容：实景照片

图片：24张

摄影师：Courtesy of Höweler + Yoon Architecture, ©Jeff Wolfram

这座桥屋位于郊区发展区和森林保护区之间，该桥屋是一栋独立的家庭住宅。内部要设计满足了三代同堂的需求。房子在树木繁茂的斜坡上，从郊区街道看向斜坡景观，能看到主楼层和上面的桥状建筑，可以把从内部到外部的有利位置设计进景观内。

每个管状空间包含了对应的家庭代际结构，精心设计了私人和公共领域。一楼的私人套房主要为祖父母准备的，他们是第一代移民美国的韩裔美国人。一楼的大面积公共区域是含有很多共享空间，如厨房，客厅，餐厅和车库。连接这两个空间的狭长桥状结构，住着家里的第二代和第三代成员。两间相隔的主人套房一套是给来访的女儿住的，另一套是儿子儿媳和两个孙子住的。孙子们住在 “Jack and Jill” 儿童套房，从这里可以进入两个主卧之间的上层户外空间。

这种桥状的建筑可以延伸到户外，让人透过房子看到外面的景观，模糊了室内和室外空间界限。三个管状建筑都面对森林，所有三代家庭成员在家里都可以从不同的角度和高度享受外面的风景。前庭院通过底层延伸到外面的露台，营造了共享的户外空间。从二楼主卧延伸出的私人屋顶阳台给这家的儿子和儿媳营造了一个亲密的室外空间。另一个从孙子们房间延伸出来的大型屋顶露台给孩子创造了一个凸起的室外活动空间。为了设计出视觉的连续性，把相邻的景观延伸到了生活空间，使房子更加紧凑。

房子后面的空间显示出了后山的全景，而正面采用不透明材料与邻居隔离开，创造了私人空间。利用建筑物三层玻璃窗，墙壁上的管状几何结构创造出一个突出的空间，可以在夏天最小限度的减少太阳照射，在冬天最大限度的增强太阳照射。我们还设计了一个木质的室内楼梯和热轧钢材料的壁炉。这些建筑组件可以在结构上和空间上连接所有房间。

Bridge House is a multi-generational family home that spans both landscapes and age groups. Sited between a suburban development and a protected wooded area, the Bridge House appears as a single family home from the front. Its rear elevation reveals an internal organization designed to accommodate three generations living together under one roof—or in this case, within three volumes that act as a number of roofs. These three volumes are devices that frame views through the house of the dramatically sloped wooded site. Views from the suburban street through to the sloped landscape are informed by the programmatic volumes of the main floor and the bridge-like volume above, which frame the scene from interior and exterior vantage points.

Each tubular volume contains a carefully organized relationship of private and public areas that correspond to the family’s generational structure. The smaller volume of the ground floor is the private master suite for the grandparents (the clients) who are first-generation Korean-American immigrants to the United States. The larger volume of the ground floor is the collective public area of the multi-generational home, which includes all shared programs, such as the kitchen, family room, dining room and garage. Physicallybridging between these two spaces is a long volume that houses the family’s second and third generations. Two master suites bookend the bar volume: one for their visiting daughter and one for their live-in son and daughter-in-law who reside in the space with the clients’ two grandchildren. The grandchildren live in a “Jack and Jill” suite and have access to the upper-level outdoor space, which is set between the master bedrooms.

The void created under the bridge-like volume feels like an extension of the outdoors and allows the landscape to move through the house, blurring outside and inside space. This transitional space extends into an outdoor room visually supported between the lower volumes and exterior stairs, which descend into the landscape. All three tubular volumes face the woods so that bedrooms and communal spaces frame views for all generations within the home. The three-volume organization provides private, outdoor space for each generation to enjoy the landscape from a variety of perspectives and elevations. The front patio extends through the ground floor volume onto a back terrace to create a formal shared outdoor space, which also provides steps leading into the landscape. A private roof balcony extends from the second floor master bedroom to provide an intimate outdoor space for the clients’ son and daughter -in-law. Another large roof terrace is projected from the grandchildren’s suite, which creates a raised outdoor gathering area. By designing a visual continuum, the adjacent landscape extends into the functional living spaces of an otherwise compact house.

Spaces facing the back of the house feature full panoramic views of the rear ravine while the opaque materiality of the front elevation creates privacy from neighbors. Volumes have triple-glazed window walls and utilize the beveled detail of their tubular geometry to create an overhang, which minimizes solar gain in the summer and maximize solar gain in the winter. The angle of the bevel is calibrated to mediate solar gain on all full-glass facades to create a minimal edge detail. As tubes oriented towards the woods, the volumes are further defined by their sharp end articulation and the material differentiation of their exterior cladding. The framing surface of the tubes is clad in custom-bent anodized aluminum vertical panels, which reflect the style of tongue-and-groove vertical panels common in the neighborhood. The infill panels are custom-bent horizontal “shingles” of anodized bronze aluminum, which create a ri ch and varied color spectrum throughout the day. The interior features several elements made from recycled material, including tables and benches custom-fabricated from wood salvaged from another site. We also designed an interior staircase and fireplace fabricated from hot-rolled steel and wood. These architectural components vertically connect the volumes of the house both structurally and spatially and pin together this three-volume, three-generation home.

美国弗吉尼亚州桥屋外部实景图

美国弗吉尼亚州桥屋外部侧面实景图

美国弗吉尼亚州桥屋外部背面实景图

美国弗吉尼亚州桥屋外部局部实景图

美国弗吉尼亚州桥屋外部夜景实景图

美国弗吉尼亚州桥屋内部卧室局部实景图

美国弗吉尼亚州桥屋内部餐厅局部实景图

美国弗吉尼亚州桥屋内部局部实景图

美国弗吉尼亚州桥屋内部厨房实景图

美国弗吉尼亚州桥屋内部实景图

美国弗吉尼亚州桥屋内部楼梯实景图

美国弗吉尼亚州桥屋内部浴室实景图

美国弗吉尼亚州桥屋平面图

美国弗吉尼亚州桥屋剖面图

美国弗吉尼亚州桥屋分析图